TABLE 2.
Results of the longitudinal mixed effects regression models examining CSF biomarker trajectories
| Timescale: Years from baseline | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Outcome: Aβ42/Aβ40 | Outcome: p‐tau181 | Outcome: t‐tau | ||||
| Model predictor | Estimate (95% CI) | p‐value | Estimate (95% CI) | p‐value | Estimate (95% CI) | p‐value |
| Time | 0.017 (–0.003, 0.038) | 0.100 | 0.030 (0.009, 0.051) | 0.005 | 0.043 (0.020, 0.065) | < 0.001 |
| Time x time | –0.001 (–0.002, 0.000) | 0.093 | 0.002 (0.001, 0.003) | < 0.001 | 0.001 (0.000, 0.002) | 0.044 |
| Baseline age | –0.033 (–0.043, –0.023) | < 0.001 | 0.035 (0.024, 0.046) | < 0.001 | 0.035 (0.024, 0.046) | < 0.001 |
| Baseline age x time | –0.001 (–0.002, –0.000) | 0.025 | 0.001 (‐0.000, 0.002) | 0.093 | 0.002 (0.001, 0.003) | 0.001 |
| Sex, female | 0.005 (–0.205, 0.215) | 0.962 | 0.013 (–0.214, 0.240) | 0.910 | –0.004 (–0.231, 0.224) | 0.973 |
| Sex x time | –0.001 (–0.016, 0.013) | 0.841 | 0.003 (–0.017, 0.023) | 0.797 | 0.009 (–0.008, 0.026) | 0.318 |
| Education | 0.015 (–0.029, 0.058) | 0.511 | –0.017 (–0.064, 0.031) | 0.487 | –0.044 (–0.091, 0.003) | 0.068 |
| Education x time | 0.002 (–0.001, 0.005) | 0.278 | –0.001 (–0.005, 0.003) | 0.670 | 0.000 (–0.004, 0.004) | 0.998 |
| APOE ε4 | –0.508 (–0.721, –0.294) | < 0.001 | 0.106 (–0.126, 0.337) | 0.371 | 0.062 (–0.170, 0.293) | 0.602 |
| APOE ε4 x time | –0.045 (‐0.059, –0.030) | < 0.001 | 0.044 (0.024, 0.064) | < 0.001 | 0.039 (0.022, 0.056) | < 0.001 |
| Timescale: Chronological age | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Outcome: Aβ42/Aβ40 | Outcome: p‐tau181 | Outcome: t‐tau | ||||
| Model predictor | Estimate (95% CI) | p‐value | Estimate (95% CI) | p‐value | Estimate (95% CI) | p‐value |
| Age | –0.010 (–0.023, 0.003) | 0.148 | 0.034 (0.020, 0.048) | < 0.001 | 0.033 (0.020, 0.047) | < 0.001 |
| Age x age | –0.001 (–0.001, –0.000) | 0.006 | 0.001 (0.000, 0.001) | < 0.001 | 0.001 (0.001, 0.001) | < 0.001 |
| Sex, female | 0.041 (–0.147, 0.230) | 0.667 | 0.039 (–0.227, 0.305) | 0.773 | 0.074 (–0.164, 0.313) | 0.540 |
| Sex x age | –0.003 (–0.016, 0.011) | 0.690 | 0.010 (–0.005, 0.024) | 0.195 | 0.01 (–0.004, 0.023) | 0.167 |
| Education | 0.003 (–0.036, 0.042) | 0.895 | –0.001 (–0.056, 0.055) | 0.983 | –0.020 (–0.070, 0.029) | 0.426 |
| Education x age | 0.002 (‐0.001, 0.005) | 0.156 | –0.001 (–0.004, 0.002) | 0.690 | 0.000 (–0.003, 0.003) | 0.830 |
| APOE ε4 | –0.688 (–0.879, –0.497) | < 0.001 | 0.177 (–0.092, 0.446) | 0.198 | 0.119 (–0.122, 0.360) | 0.332 |
| APOE ε4 x age | –0.044 (‐0.058, –0.030) | < 0.001 | 0.044 (0.029, 0.059) | < 0.001 | 0.038 (0.024, 0.052) | < 0.001 |
Note: Different models were estimated for each CSF measure. Models were also adjusted for collection site (National Institutes of Health vs. Johns Hopkins University).
Abbreviations: Aβ, amyloid beta; APOE, apolipoprotein E; CI, confidence interval; CSF, cerebrospinal fluid; p‐tau, phosphorylated tau; t‐tau, total tau.