Comparison 6. Yoga versus qigong.

Outcome or subgroup title	No. of studies	No. of participants	Statistical method	Effect size
6.1 Back‐specific functional status	1		Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	Subtotals only
6.1.1 Back‐specific function at short–intermediate term (3 months)	1	111	Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐3.05 [‐7.84, 1.74]
6.1.2 Back‐specific function at intermediate term (6 months)	1	107	Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐2.68 [‐7.58, 2.22]
6.2 Pain	1		Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	Subtotals only
6.2.1 Pain at short–intermediate term (3 months)	1	111	Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	1.48 [‐5.91, 8.87]
6.2.2 Pain at intermediate term (6 months)	1	107	Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	7.91 [0.00, 15.82]
6.3 Physical quality of life	1		Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	Subtotals only
6.3.1 Physical quality of life at short–intermediate term (3 months)	1	111	Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐0.77 [‐3.71, 2.17]
6.3.2 Physical quality of life at intermediate term (6 months)	1	107	Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐3.60 [‐6.65, ‐0.55]
6.4 Mental quality of life	1		Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	Subtotals only
6.4.1 Mental quality of life at short–intermediate term (3 months)	1	111	Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐0.34 [‐4.15, 3.47]
6.4.2 Mental quality of life at intermediate term (6 months)	1	107	Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐0.02 [‐3.82, 3.78]
6.5 Depression	1		Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	Subtotals only
6.5.1 Depression at short–intermediate term (3 months)	1	111	Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐0.65 [‐1.58, 0.28]
6.5.2 Mental quality of life at intermediate term (6 months)	1	107	Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐0.30 [‐1.09, 0.49]