Table 3.
HRs (95% CIs) for Clinical Outcomes in Patients With AF Relative to BMI Group
| Variable | Model 1* | Model 2† | Model 3‡ | Model 4§ |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| All‐cause mortality | ||||
| Events/population, n | 3767/36 459 | 3742 /36 041 | 3735/35 892 | 2145/24 757 |
| BMI <20.0 kg/m2 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| BMI 20–<25.0 kg/m2 | 1.01 (0.93–1.09) | 1.01 (0.93–1.09) | 1.25 (1.15–1.35) | 1.26 (1.13–1.41) |
| BMI 25–<30.0 kg/m2 | 1.62 (1.46–1.80) | 1.60 (1.43–1.78) | 2.02 (1.80–2.26) | 2.11 (1.81–2.45) |
| BMI ≥30 kg/m2 | 2.12 (1.82–2.49) | 2.10 (1.79–2.47) | 2.50 (2.12–2.97) | 2.86 (2.30–3.56) |
| Per unit BMI | 1.063 (1.053–1.072) | 1.063 (1.053–1.072) | 1.081 (1.071–1.091) | 1.088 (1.074–1.010) |
| Heart failure | ||||
| Events/population, n | 1648/34 534 | 1629/34 131 | 1626/33 983 | 956/23 568 |
| BMI <20.0 kg/m2 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| BMI 20–<25.0 kg/m2 | 1.08 (0.96–1.22) | 1.08 (0.95–1.22) | 1.28 (1.12–1.46) | 1.22 (1.03–1.45) |
| BMI 25–<30.0 kg/m2 | 1.87 (1.59–2.19) | 1.86 (1.58–2.19) | 2.28 (1.92–2.71) | 2.17 (1.73–2.72) |
| BMI ≥30 kg/m2 | 3.04 (2.44–3.79) | 2.88 (2.29–3.63) | 3.40 (2.68–4.32) | 3.42 (2.50–4.68) |
| Per unit BMI | 1.085 (1.071–1.099) | 1.083 (1.068–1.098) | 1.099 (1.084–1.114) | 1.104 (1.084–1.125) |
| Ischemic stroke | ||||
| Events/population, n | 921/35 025 | 917/34 616 | 916/34 468 | 550/ 23 846 |
| BMI <20.0 kg/m2 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| BMI 20–<25.0 kg/m2 | 0.95 (0.82–1.11) | 0.93 (0.80–1.08) | 1.08 (0.92–1.27) | 1.09 (0.88–1.34) |
| BMI 25–<30.0 kg/m2 | 1.21 (0.97–1.52) | 1.15 (0.91–1.44) | 1.37 (1.07–1.74) | 1.29 (0.93–1.78) |
| BMI ≥30 kg/m2 | 1.88 (1.36–2.60) | 1.74 (1.25–2.43) | 1.99 (1.40–2.81) | 2.34 (1.52–3.61) |
| Per unit BMI | 1.040 (1.021–1.061) | 1.034 (1.014–1.055) | 1.052 (1.031–1.074) | 1.058 (1.030–1.086) |
The HRs were derived from Cox regressions (Methods) with different models of adjustments as follows. AF indicates atrial fibrillation; BMI, body mass index; and HR, hazard ratio.
*
Model 1 adjusted for age at conscription, conscription year, and test center.
†
Model 2 as model 1, additionally adjusted for systolic and diastolic blood pressure at baseline, and baseline comorbidities diabetes, hypertension, adult congenital heart disease, and heart failure.
‡
Model 3 as model 2, additionally adjusted for cardiorespiratory fitness and muscle strength.
§
Model 4 as model 3, additionally adjusted for parental education and intelligence quotient.