Table 2.

Association of ACA Medicaid Expansion With CRT±D Rates by Race and Ethnicity of Medicaid Beneficiaries

Race and ethnicity	Average CRT rate per 100 000 (95% CI)				Proportional rate change (point estimate) after ACA Medicaid expansion of January 2014 (95% CI)*		Relative proportional rate change in CRT±D (95% CI)†
	Early adopter		Nonadopter		Early adopter	Nonadopter
	Pre‐ACA	Post‐ACA	Pre‐ACA	Post‐ACA
Non‐Hispanic Black	0.37 (0.28–0.48)	0.40 (0.33–0.48)	0.32 (0.25–0.42)	0.26 (0.21–0.31)	1.07 (0.78–1.48)	0.79 (0.57–1.09)	1.36 (0.86–2.15)
Hispanic	0.24 (0.18–0.32)	0.24 (0.20–0.29)	0.24 (0.17–0.35)	0.25 (0.19–0.32)	0.99 (0.70–1.38)	1.01 (0.65–1.57)	0.97 (0.56–1.70)
Non‐Hispanic White	0.10 (0.08–0.12)	0.13 (0.12–0.15)	0.14 (0.11–0.17)	0.11 (0.09–0.13)	1.34‡ (1.05–1.70)	0.77 (0.59–1.02)	1.73§ (1.20–2.50)

ACA indicates Affordable Care Act; CRT, cardiac resynchronization therapy; and CRT±D, cardiac resynchronization therapy±defibrillator.

^*Proportional rate change in CRT±D=(CRT±D population rate post‐ACA implementation)/(CRT±D population rate pre‐ACA implementation).

^† Relative proportional rate change=(adopter states rate change in CRT±D after ACA implementation)/(nonadopter states rate change in CRT±D after ACA implementation).

^‡ P=0.02.

^§ P=0.003.