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. 2022 Sep 21;11(19):e025106. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.121.025106

Table 1.

Clinical Characteristics of Patient Population

All (n=162) No MACE (n=133) MACE (n=29) P value
Demographics (162/162)
Age (y) 40 [27–54] 35 [25–51] 56 [44–67] <0.001
Male 121 (75) 104 (78) 17 (59) 0.03
BMI (kg/m 2 ) 25 ± 4 25 ± 4 26 ± 5 0.57
Medical history (162/162)
Atrial fibrillation 4 (3) 2 (2) 2 (7) 0.22
Pericarditis 5 (3) 4 (3) 1 (3) 1.00
Myocarditis 9 (6) 8 (6) 1 (3) 1.00
Hypertension 26 (16) 19 (14) 6 (21) 0.41
Hypercholesterolemia 14 (9) 7 (5) 7 (24) <0.01
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 6 (4) 5 (4) 2 (7) 0.61
Diabetes 5 (3) 2 (2) 3 (10) 0.04
Autoinflammatory disease 24 (15) 17 (13) 7 (24) 0.16
Clinical presentation (162/162)
Chest pain 123 (76) 109 (82) 15 (52) <0.01
Dyspnea 56 (35) 40 (30) 14 (48) 0.08
Collapse 12 (7) 7 (5) 4 (14) 0.12
Flulike symptoms 98 (61) 86 (65) 12 (41) 0.02
Fever 58 (36) 52 (39) 6 (21) 0.06
Use of toxic substances 9 (6) 5 (4) 3 (10) 0.16
Smoking status 0.12
Never 112 (69) 85 (64) 23 (79)
Former smoker 20 (12) 16 (12) 5 (17)
Current smoker 30 (19) 29 (22) 1 (3)
Heart rate (bpm) 87 ± 27 85 ± 22 99 ± 44 0.02
Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg) 128 ± 24 129 ± 24 122 ± 22 0.22
Diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg) 78 ± 16 79 ± 16 76 ± 17 0.42
Killip class 0.05
Class I 141 (87) 119 (89) 22 (76)
Class II 15 (9) 9 (7) 4 (14)
Class III 1 (1) 0 1 (3)
Class IV 5 (3) 3 (2) 2 (7)
Laboratory findings
Creatinine (μmol/L) at admittance (n=159) 77 [68–91] 77 [69–90] 83 [70–104] 0.11
Elevated troponin (%) (n=154) 147 (91) 121 [92] 25 [86] 0.16
Creatine kinase, maximum (U/L) (n=142) 395 [163–836] 482 [218–886] 155 [85–324] <0.01
NTproBNP, maximum (pmol/L) (n=58) 506 [72–3071] 371 [57–1693] 3600 [335–10 473] 0.02
Leucocytes, maximum (10E9/L) (n=156) 10.9 [8.0–14.2] 10.9 [7.9–13.8] 10.4 [7.4–15.4] 0.13
C‐reactive protein, maximum (mg/L) (n=156) 45 [15–123] 45 [18–129] 26 [6–113] 0.01
Electrocardiography (162/162)
Conduction disorders
High degree AV‐block (2nd or 3rd degree) 1 (1) 1 (1) 0 1.00
Left bundle branch block 6 (4) 3 (2) 3 (10) 0.08
Right bundle branch block 6 (4) 5 (4) 1 (3) 1.00
ST‐segment elevation 88 (54) 77 (58) 12 (41) 0.14
ST‐segment depression 38 (24) 34 (26) 5 (17) 0.47
Genetic testing
Performed 12 (7) 6 (5) 6 (21) 0.008
Pathogenic or likely pathogenic mutation 2 (1) 1 (1) 1 (3)
Admission (162/162)
Admission duration (days) 7 [4–11] 6 (4–10) 9 (6–16) 0.01
Transfer to intensive care unit 18 (11) 15 (11) 3 (10) 1.00
Start of immunosuppressive therapy 23 (14) 18 (14) 5 (17) 0.57

Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation, median (interquartile range) or number (%).

Abbreviations: BMI indicates body mass index; and MACE, major adverse cardiovascular event.