Table 3.
Quality assessment of the trials included in the meta-analysis.
| Study | Random sequence generation (selection bias) | Allocation concealment (selection bias) | Blinding of personnel | Blinding of patients | Follow-up/ integrity of cases | Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) | Score | Risk of bias |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Qixin Zhang [18] | Random | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear | Low | Low | 3 | Unclear |
| Yinjuan Huang [19] | Random | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear | Low | Low | 3 | Unclear |
| Changfeng Zhang [20] | Random | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear | Low | Low | 3 | Unclear |
| Lianfen Bai [21] | Random | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear | Low | Low | 3 | Unclear |
| Lin Li [22] | Random | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear | Low | Low | 3 | Unclear |
| Haiying Lu [23] | Random | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear | Low | Low | 3 | Unclear |
| Cuilan Zhou [24] | Random | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear | Low | Low | 3 | Unclear |
| Ting Zhu [25] | Random | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear | Low | Low | 3 | Unclear |
| Huiqiang Yu [26] | Random | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear | Low | Low | 3 | Unclear |
| Xinyan Liu [27] | Random | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear | Low | Low | 3 | Unclear |
| Yan Jiang [28] | Random | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear | Low | Low | 3 | Unclear |
| Min Song [29] | Random | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear | Low | Low | 3 | Unclear |
| Cuilian Feng [30] | Random | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear | Low | Low | 3 | Unclear |
| Anxing Liu [31] | Random | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear | Low | Low | 3 | Unclear |
| Yueping Deng [32] | Random | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear | Low | Low | 3 | Unclear |
| Chunyan Zhang [33] | Random | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear | Low | Low | 3 | Unclear |
| Rong Li [34] | Random | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear | Low | Low | 3 | Unclear |
| Shizhen Zhong [35] | Random odd-even number | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear | Low | Low | 3 | Unclear |
| Fang Liu [36] | Random | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear | Low | Low | 3 | Unclear |
| Guihua Liu [37] | Random number table | Low | Unclear | Unclear | Low | Low | 4 | Unclear |
| Zhimin Xu [38] | Random number table | Low | Unclear | Unclear | Low | Low | 4 | Unclear |
| Rui Chen [39] | Random | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear | Low | Low | 3 | Unclear |
| Qiulian Deng [40] | Random | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear | Low | Low | 3 | Unclear |
| Xuezhen Zhang [41] | Random | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear | Low | High | 2 | High |
| Hong Chen [42] | Random number table | Low | Unclear | Unclear | Low | Low | 4 | Unclear |