TABLE 1.

Concentration of IgG antibodies after immunization with heat-inactivated pneumococci plus CT by various mucosal routes

Sample	Concn after immunization by indicated routea
	Nasalb	Oralb	Gastricc	Rectalb	Controlsb
Serum	2,107*** (1,507–3,874)	100 (100–383)	127 (100–315)	236 (100–370)	100 (100–565)
Saliva	0 (0–0)	0 (0–0)	0 (0–0)	0 (0–0.1)	0 (0–0)
Lung lavage fluid	5.1* (3.4–9.3)	0.07 (0–0.8)	0.07 (0–0.7)	0.4 (0.1–3.1)	0.1 (0–0.1)
Extracts of feces	3.3*** (1.8–6.1)	0 (0–0)	0 (0–0)	1.6* (0–2.1)	0 (0–1.1)

^aMedian concentrations (ranges) of IgG antibodies to whole pneumococci (kilounits per milliliter or kilounits per gram of dry feces); ***, P ≤ 0.005; *, 0.01 < P ≤ 0.05 (statistical significance versus the control group; Mann-Whitney U test). 

^bn = 6. 

^cn = 4.