Table 1.
Mean values and standard deviation (in parenthesis) of conceptual and psycholinguistic variables for motor and visual abstract concepts
| Motor abstract concepts | Visual abstract concepts | Motor vs. visual (p-values)a | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Proportion motor properties | 0.32 (0.12) | 0.06 (0.04) | p < .001 |
| Proportion visual properties | 0.09 (0.06) | 0.30 (0.09) | p < .001 |
| Proportion acoustic properties | 0.03 (0.04) | 0.04 (0.05) | p = .536 |
| Concreteness/abstractnessb | 2.65 (0.61) | 2.49 (0.53) | p = .276 |
| Familiarityb | 4.18 (0.67) | 4.07 (0.57) | p = .454 |
| Valenceb | 0.51 (1.83) | 0.26 (1.87) | p = .582 |
| Arousalb | 2.74 (0.78) | 2.62 (0.95) | p = .561 |
| Word length | 8.19 (2.58) | 7.88 (2.06) | p = .595 |
| Lemma frequency p. Mio | 63.14 (91.72) | 38.21 (45.17) | p = .173 |
| Character bigram frequency p. Mio | 652,936.87 (379,468.24) | 631,388.19 (278,144.87) | p = .796 |
| Character trigram frequency p. Mio | 229,175.80 (124,964.62) | 218,018.45 (103,100.90) | p = .698 |
aDepicted p-values were obtained using two-tailed t-tests
bScales of the items: concreteness/abstractness: six-point Likert scale with the poles “abstract” (1) and “concrete” (6); familiarity: six-point Likert scale with the poles “low familiarity” (1) and “high familiarity” (6); valence: six-point Likert scale with the poles “negative” (-3) and “positive” (+ 3); arousal: self-assessment manikins (Bradley & Lang, 1994) with the poles “weak” (1) and “strong” (5)