a, Mouse fibroblasts were cultured for 3 days on flat or microgrooved surfaces, followed by qRT-PCR analysis of epithelial-related genes and mesenchymal genes (n=3). b, ChIP-qPCR analysis for the fold enrichment of H3K4me2 modifications at the promoter region of E-cad (n=3). * p<0.05 (two-tailed, unpaired t-test) compared with the control flat surface. c-d, Mouse fibroblasts were reprogrammed with OSKM in the absence or presence of (c) MET inhibitor, TGF-β1, or (d) TGF-β inhibitor, A-83–01 (Alk5i), and the number of Nanog+ colonies generated was quantified (n=5 and n=4, respectively). * p<0.05 (one-way ANOVA followed by a Tukey’s post-hoc test). e, Western blotting analysis of mouse fibroblasts cultured on flat or microgrooved surfaces for 3 days in the absence or presence of blebbistatin. f, A summary of microtopographical regulation of histone modifications and cell reprogramming in adult mouse fibroblasts.