Table 3.

Clinical Symptoms, Drugs, and Laboratory of The Included Studies.

Author	Pre-Medication	Clinical Symptoms	Management	Laboratory and Imaging
Craverdi, 2020	T cell depletion Tacrolimus MMF Everolimus Prednisone ARB ACE-I Flu vaccination	Fever Myalgia Dyspnea Diarrhea Tachypnea AKI	Intubation Increased steroids hydroxychloroquine antibiotics tocilizumab remdesivir lopinavir-ritonavir darunavir-ritonacir darunavir-cobicistat Tacrolimus withdrawal MMF or everolimus withdrawal	White blood cell count, Lymphocyte count Hemoglobin Platelet count Baseline creatinine eGFR Aspartate transaminase Alanine aminotransferase Lactate dehydrogenase Creatine phosphokinase C-reactive protein Serum ferritin D-dimer Interleukin - 6 Procalcitonin
Crespo, 2020	Tacrolimus Mycophenolate Prednisone ARB ACE-I mTOR inhibitors	Fever Cough, expectoration and/or rhinorrhea Dyspnea Gastrointestinal symptoms Pneumonia	Ventilator support Hospitalization ICU admission Glucocorticoids Hydroxychloroquine Azithromycin Tocilizumab Lopinavir/ritonavir	N/A
Azzi, 2020	ACE-I or ARB Influenza vaccination Statin	Bacterial pneumonia AKI Bacteremia Urinary tract infection Fungal infection Cytomegalovirus viremia Deep venous thrombosis Cerebrovascular accident	Intubation Steroid Hydroxychloroquine Antibiotics Tocilizumab Remdesivir Caclneurin Inhibitors withdrawal Antimetabolite withdrawal Plasma Convalescent IVIG Anakira	White Blood Cell count Lymphocytes Hemoglobin Platelets Baseline serum creatinine Serum creatinine Lactate dehydrogenase Creatine kinase C-reactive protein Ferritin D-dimer Interleukin - 6 Procalcitonin Fibrinogen CD3 cell count CD4 cell count CD8 cell count Pro- B-type Natriuretic Peptide
Perez-Saez, 2020	Mycophenolate Prednisone ACE-i or ARB mTOR-I Calcineurin inhibitor Thymoglobulin induction	Fever Respiratory symptoms Dyspnea Gastrointestinal symptoms AKI with dialysis need	Endotracheal intubation Non-invasive mechanical ventilation ICU admission Steroids Hydroxychloroquine Azithromycin Other antibiotic Ritonavir/lopinavir/remdesivir Both Calcineurin Inhibitors and MMF or imTOR withdrawal Only Calcineurin Inhibitors withdrawal Only MMF or imTOR withdrawal IVIG Interferon Anakinra	Pneumonia by X-ray PaO2/FiO2 White blood cells Lymphocytes Neutrophils Lactate dehydrogenase C-reactive protein Ferritin D-dimer Interleukin - 6 Procalcitonin Log Interleukin - 6
Benotmane, 2020	Tacrolimus MMF, MPA Steroids ARB ACE-I mTOR-I Ciclosporin Azathioprine Eclizumab Belatacept Anti-thymocyte globulin Anti-CD25	Fever myalgia Dyspnea cough Diarrhea Headache Vomiting Anosmia/ageusia Neurological Manifestations	High dose corticosteroid Hydroxychloroquine Azitromycin Other antibiotics Tocilizumab Lopinavir/ritonavir Caclineurin Inhibitors withdrawal MMF/MPA withdrawal mTOR inhibitor withdrawal Delayed Belatacept administration Antifungal azole	N/A
Kute, 2021	Thymoglobulin induction Antirejection Therapy Basiliximab ACE-i or ARB Flu vaccination Antimetabolite Calcineurin inhibitor Prednisolone Sirolimus/Everolimus	Fever Myalgia Dyspnea Diarrhea Cough Sputum production AKI	Intubation ICU admission Increased Steroid Hydroxychloroquine Azithromycin Tocilizumab Remdesivir Calcineurin inhibitors Discontinued/ reduced Antimetabolites Discontiued Favipiravir Convalescent plasma Cytosorb filter IVIG	Chest X-ray Chest CT scan White blood cell Lymphocyte Neutrophil Hemoglobin Platelet Serum Creatinine Blood urea Alanine aminotransferase Lactate dehydrogenase C-reactive protein Feritin D-dimer Interleukin-6 Procalcitonin Albumin
Rahbar, 2020	Tacrolimus MMF/MPA Sirolimus Cyclosporin ARB	Fever Myalgia Dyspnea Dry cough AKI Hypoxemia (Spo2 < 93%)	Hydroxychloroquine Lopinavir/ritonavir Oseltamivir Calcineurin Inhibitors discontinued / Reduced IVIG Ribavirin	White Blood Cell Lymphocyte count Neutrophil count Eosinophil count Neutrophil/Lymphocyte ratio Platelet count Platelet/ lymphocyte ratio eGFR Aspartate transaminase Alanine aminotransferase Lactate dehydrogenase Creatine phosphokinase C-Reactive Protein Neutrophil/Lymphocyte ratio × C-Reactive Protein Ferritin Interleukin - 6 Albumin Hypoalbuminemia Troponin, Fibrinogen, PT, PTT, INR, PH
Cailard, 2020	Mycophenolate RAS blockers Steroids mTOR-I Azathioprine Belatacept Calcineurin Inhibitors	Fever Headache Dyspnea Anosmia Rhinitis Cough Diarrhea	Hydoxychloroquine Azithromycin Other antibiotics Tocilizumab Remdesivir Lopinavir/ritonavir Oseltamivir Belatacept withdrawal mTOR inhibitor withdrawal Calcineurin Inhibitors withdrawal Antimetabolite withdrawal Antifungal drugs	Lymphocyte count, Platelet count Creatinine C-reactive protein Procalcitonin
Santeusanio, 2020	Lymphocyte depleting Interleukin - 2 inhibitor ACE-I or ARB Tacrolimus Corticosteroid Tacrolimus + mycophenolate Tacrolimus + mycophenolate + corticosteroid Tacrolimus + corticosteroid mTOR-i + mycophenolate + corticosteroid Belatacept + mycophenolate + corticosteroid Corticosteroid + IVIG	Fevers Gastrointestinal (diarrhea/vomiting) Respiratory (cough/dyspnea) AKI or dialysis requirement qSOFA score ≥ 2 at admission	Hydroxychloroquine Azithromycin Remdesivir Convalescent plasma Interleukin - 6 or Interleukin - 1 inhibitor Anticoagulation therapy Prednison Mycophenolate discontinued/reduced Tacrolimus Discontinued/reduced	Chest X-ray White Blood Cell count Absolute lymphocyte count C-Reactive Protein Ferritin D-dimer Procalcitonin Microbiologically bacterial, viral, or fungal co-infection

MMF, Mycophenolate mofetil; ACE-I, Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitor; ARB, angiotensin II receptor blocker; MPA, Methiopropamine; mTOR, Mechanistic target of rapamycin inhibitor; IVIG, Intravenous immunoglobulin; eGFR, Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate

Data are expressed as mean [standard deviation] or median [interquartile range] or count (%), as appropriate.