Table 2.
Complications outcome data (for this case series and existing literature)
| Number of cases | Non-/Malunions | Avascular necrosis | Elbow instability | Degenerative changes | Hardware breakage | Implant loosening/dislocation | Infections | implant associated soft tissue irritation | Signs of heterotopic ossifications | Neurological deficits | Elbow stiffness | Revision surgery | Pain | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Businger et al. [16] | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1* | N.s | 0 | 0 | N.s | N.s | N.s | N.s | N.s | 1 (mild) |
| Kumar et al. [17] | 6 | 3 | 1** | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | N.s | N.s | 0 | N.s | N.s | N.s | 0 |
| Everding et al. [18] | 9 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 9*** | N.s | N.s | N.s | 3 | 9**** | 0 | 2 | 7' | N.s |
| This study | 14 | 1 | 0 | 3 | 11***** | 1 | 3 | 0 | 5 | 1 | 0 | 4 | 6 | 2 |
| Cumulative calculations | 35 | 5 | 1 | 3 | 21 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 8 | 10 | 0 | 6 | 13 | 1.7 |
*According to the Broberg and Morrey Score: 1 × grade I
**Nonunion with avascular necrosis
***According to the Broberg and Morrey Score: 5 × grade I, 4 × grade II
****According to the Hastings and Graham Score: 5 × grade I, 3 × grade IIa, 1 × grade IIb
*****According to the Broberg and Morrey Score: 6 × grade I, 3 × grade II, 2 × grade III
' 2 × implant removal due to ulno-radial impingement; 2 × arthroscopic arthrolysis due to stiffness; 3 × ulnar plate removal due to soft tissue irritation