Table 4.

Main Clinical Trials of Remimazolam for Sedation Under Bronchoscopy

Author (Year)	Phase	N	Dose of Remimazolam	Age (Years)	Primary Endpoint	Comparator	Co-Treatment	Location (s)	Results
Pastis et al 201945	III	446	5.0 mg plus 2.5 top-ups	≥18	Safety and efficacy for moderate sedation during bronchoscopy	Midazolam (1–1.75 mg plus 0.5–1.0 mg top-ups)	Fentanyl (25–75 mg, top-up doses of 25 μg, the maximum dose of 200 μg)	USA	Remimazolam achieved moderate procedural sedation efficacy and safety during flexible bronchoscopy, with a rapid onset and rapid return of cognitive function
Jia et al 202146	III	50	The first patient was given a dose of 0.18 mg/kg, Maintenance dose: 1mg/kg/h	18–65	Observation of effective dosage of remimazolam tosilate used for moderate sedation in bronchoscopy	N/A	Sufentanil (0.1 μg/kg); 2% lidocaine (5 mL, airway nebulization); flumazenil (0.2 mg)	China	The ED50 and the ED95 of remimazolam tosilate for moderate sedation in bronchoscopy were 0.174 mg/kg and 0.219 mg/kg, combined with Sufentanil 0.1 μg/kg
Chen et al 202247	III	146	Initial dose: 12 mg/kg Maintenance dose: 1–2mg/kg/h	45–65	Efficacy and safety of remimazolam tosilate in patients undergoing bronchoscopy	Dexmedeto-midine (0.5 μg/kg, maintained by 0.2–0.7 μg/kg)	Remifentanil (0.05–0.2 μg/kg/min)	China	Remimazolam tosilate has non-inferior efficacy, better time metrics and hemodynamic stability than dexmedetomidine combine with remifentanil in outpatients undergoing bronchoscopy

Abbreviations: N, number of subjects; N/A, not available/applicable.