. 2022 Nov 12;2022:8901555. doi: 10.1155/2022/8901555

Table 3.

Bioactivities of M. lanceolata crude leaf extract and its fractions against the rodent malaria parasite in the four-day suppressive study.

Test substances	Dose/day	% parasitemia	% suppression	Mean survival days
PW	10 ml/kg	38.43 ± 1.18	0.00	7.42 ± 0.15

ML	200 mg/kg	22.19 ± 0.60	42.24^a^∗∗∗^b^∗∗∗	8.67 ± 0.80^b^∗∗∗
	400 mg/kg	20.36 ± 0.68	47.00^a^∗∗∗^b^∗∗∗	9.25 ± 0.44^b^∗∗∗
	600 mg/kg	18.71 ± 1.75	51.31^a^∗∗∗^b^∗∗∗	9.83 ± 0.48^a^∗^b^∗∗∗

CQ	25 mg/kg	0.00 ± 0.00	100.00^a^∗∗∗	28.00 ± 0.00^a^∗∗∗

2% TW-80	10 ml/kg	47.03 ± 2.85	0.00	6.83 ± 0.28

CF	200 mg/kg	16.77 ± 1.50	64.34^a^∗∗∗^b^∗∗∗^d^∗∗∗	14.00 ± 0.93^a^∗∗∗^b^∗∗∗^d^∗∗∗
	400 mg/kg	8.81 ± 0.54	81.28^a^∗∗∗^b^∗∗∗^e^∗∗∗	18.25 ± 0.38^a^∗∗∗^b^∗∗∗^e^∗∗
	600 mg/kg	15.55 ± 0.53	66.94^a^∗∗∗^b^∗∗∗	15.00 ± 0.37^a^∗∗∗^b^∗∗∗

CQ	25 mg/kg	0.00 ± 0.00	100.00^a^∗∗∗	28.00 ± 0.00^a^∗∗∗

PW	10 ml/kg	45.40 ± 2.50	0.00	7.25 ± 0.11

BF	200 mg/kg	29.58 ± 0.65	34.85^a^∗∗∗^b^∗∗∗^d^∗^e^∗∗∗	8.92 ± 0.40^a^∗∗^b^∗∗∗^e^∗∗∗
	400 mg/kg	26.41 ± 1.19	41.84^a^∗∗∗^b^∗∗∗	9.83 ± 0.36^a^∗∗∗^b^∗∗∗
	600 mg/kg	24.47 ± 0.48	46.11^a^∗∗∗^b^∗∗∗	10.92 ± 0.30^a^∗∗∗^b^∗∗∗

CQ	25 mg/kg	0.00 ± 0.00	100.00^a^∗∗∗	28.00 ± 0.00^a^∗∗∗

PW	10 ml/kg	46.18 ± 2.91	0.00	7.17 ± 0.11

DWF	200 mg/kg	31.74 ± 1.09	31.28^a^∗∗∗^b^∗∗∗^e^∗	8.83 ± 0.25^a^∗∗∗^b^∗∗∗^d^∗∗^e^∗∗
	400 mg/kg	27.71 ± 1.31	40.00^a^∗∗∗^b^∗∗∗	10.00 ± 0.34^a^∗∗∗^b^∗∗∗
	600 mg/kg	27.21 ± 1.34	41.09^a^∗∗∗^b^∗∗∗	10.08 ± 0.24^a^∗∗∗^b^∗∗∗

CQ	25 mg/kg	0.00 ± 0.00	100.00^a^∗∗∗	28.00 ± 0.00^a^∗∗∗

Values are designated as mean ± SEM(n = 6); ^a compared to PW, ^b to CQ, ^d to 400 mg/kg of test substance, and ^e600 mg/kg of test substance: ^∗P < 0.05, ^∗∗P < 0.01, ^∗∗∗P < 0.001; PW: pure water; ML: methanol (80%) extract; 2% TW-80: 2% tween 80; CF: chloroform fraction; BF: n-butanol fraction; DWF: distilled water fraction; CQ: chloroquine.