Fig. 5.

The personalized therapeutic strategy toward lysosomes. a Lysosomes play a vital role in exocytosis, endocytosis, autophagy, and cell death. b LMP induction, as a typical approach, can be triggered by ROS, toxin reagents, radiation, and magnetic fields, eventually leading to caspase-dependent cell death. Proton pump inhibition is another strategy that enables overcoming MDR. Furthermore, HSP70 inhibition and iron release increase sensitivity to lysosomal-dependent cell death (LDCD). LMP lysosomal membrane permeabilization, ROS reactive oxygen species, Cyt C cytochrome c, PPI proton pump inhibitors, HSP 70 heat shock protein 70