Table 5.
Results of the baseline measurements in ARAS study.
| Instrument | Mean ± SD OR percentage | Range | Availability of data (%) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clinical symptoms | ||||
| Symptom severity | Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale | 100 | ||
| Positive scale | 17.7 ± 5.1 | 7–32 | ||
| Negative scale | 12.4 ± 4.9 | 7–38 | ||
| General psychopathology | 26.7 ± 9.4 | 16–63 | ||
| Depressive symptoms | Calgary Depression Scale in Schizophrenia | 5.7 ± 4.5 | 0–19 | 100 |
| Medication (side) effect | Subjective Response to Antipsychotics-34 | 49.84 ± 6.0 | 36–68 | 95.8 |
| Disability | WHO Disability Assessment Schedule | 75.83 ± 19.76 | 33–136 | 100 |
| Quality of life | Manchester Short Assessment of Quality of Life | 46.1 ± 10.1 | 16–105 | 95.8 |
| Social, occupational, and psychological functioning | Global Assessment of Functioning | 28.5 ± 10.1 | 0–72 | 100 |
| Metabolic profile | ||||
| Body mass index | = <18.5 | 9.7 | 13.6–44.9 | 100 |
| 18.6_25 | 59.0 | |||
| 25.1_30 | 25.9 | |||
| 30.1_35 | 4.5 | |||
| 35< | 1.0 | |||
| Components of metabolic syndrome | Fasting blood sugar (md/dL) | 91.6 ± 19.5 | 59–282 | 100 |
| Blood pressure (mmHg) | 110/70* | 100/60–140/90 | 96.4 | |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 85.5 ± 12.4 | 48–125 | 96.4 | |
| Triglyceride (md/dL) | 11.3 ± 60.2 | 40–452 | 100 | |
| Cholesterol (md/dL) | 158.2 ± 42.1 | 29–331 | 100 | |
| Fulfilling metabolic syndrome | 67 (13.4%) | |||
| Cognitive performance | ||||
| Working memory | Letter-number sequencing task | 3.6 ± 3.6 | 0–39 | 86.2 |
| Forward digit span task | 7.2 ± 2.1 | 0–15 | ||
| Backward digit span task | 4.9 ± 2.0 | 0–11 | ||
| Stroop task | 5.2 ± 7.2 | 0–40 | ||
| Stroop task (interference) | 47.54 ± 260.7 | −405–990 | ||
| Attention | Trail making task | 79.9 ± 58.3 | 0–490 | |
| Visual and auditory memory | learning | 33.6 ± 12.5 | 0–65 | 84.4 |
| Word span | 4.5 ± 2.0 | 0–12 | ||
| recognition | 6.34 ± 4.4 | −30–36 | ||
| Delayed recall | 6.0 ± 3.3 | 0–15 | ||
| Rey Osterrieth complex figure | 7.9 ± 9.2 | 0–36 | ||
| Executive functioning | Symbol digit modality task | 21.5 ± 13.1 | 0–57 | 86.2 |
| letter digit modality task | 22.4 ± 13.3 | 0–65 | ||
| Verbal fluency task | 21.9 ± 11.5 | 0–52 | ||
| Social cognition | Benton Facial Recognition Test | 16.1 ± 4.7 | 1–34 | 68.8 |
| Psychosocial profile | ||||
| Social support | Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support | 43.89 ± 13.32 | 0–77 | 85.8 |
| Religiosity | Stark and Glock’s dimensions of religiosity | 75.23 ± 11.9 | 42–107 | 68.8 |
| Stigma | Internalized stigma in mental illness scale | 65.5 ± 11.6 | 32–104 | 83.8 |
*Mode