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. 2022 Nov 19;12:19906. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-23775-9

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Dependence of the observed cases on the average position $λ$ of inactive nodes. The colour code (as defined in Fig. 1a) indicates, which cases occurred in the time line. For the upper figure, the clustering parameter was set to $d = 1$ which means that all defective nodes form one cluster. Contrarily, in the lower figure, the parameter was set to $d = 0$ , leading to a random distribution of the defective nodes. Results for other sets of parameters are provided in the supplement.