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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Nov 20.
Published in final edited form as: Hippocampus. 2013 Nov;23(11):1053–1065. doi: 10.1002/hipo.22182

FIGURE 5.

FIGURE 5.

Acetylcholine (ACh) release in 10-min microdialysis samples collected from the hippocampus before (B 1–4) and after (P 1–6) one-trial inhibitory avoidance training in young adult and 2-yr-old rats. Systemic injections of epinephrine or glucose were administered immediately after training. Both enhance memory in young rats; glucose enhances memory in aged rats and is more effective than epinephrine in doing so in aged rats (not shown). In young rats, either epinephrine or glucose augments the duration of ACh release. In old rats, glucose augments the duration of ACh release after training and is more effective than is epinephrine. From Morris et al., 2010.