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. 2022 Nov 7;67:1604852. doi: 10.3389/ijph.2022.1604852

TABLE 3.

Logistic estimation results for over-the-counter drugs consumption (Portugal. 2022).

ALL SAMPLE MALES FEMALES
OR 95%CI p > z OR 95%CI p > z OR 95%CI p > z
Predisposing factors
 Male 0.750*** 0.684 0.822 0.000
 Age 0.993*** 0.988 0.997 0.003 0.995 0.988 1.003 0.234 0.993** 0.986 0.999 0.024
 Education 1.013** 1.003 1.022 0.012 1.014 0.997 1.032 0.115 1.011* 1.000 1.023 0.060
 Nr_family 0.968 0.925 1.014 0.173 0.961 0.893 1.035 0.297 0.972 0.916 1.033 0.361
 Civil status
  Single 0.922 0.786 1.083 0.323 1.023 0.787 1.330 0.862 0.884 0.720 1.086 0.240
  Married 0.886 0.763 1.028 0.110 0.909 0.709 1.166 0.452 0.908 0.751 1.098 0.319
  Widow/widower 1.053 0.879 1.262 0.573 1.129 0.782 1.631 0.516 1.051 0.848 1.301 0.652
  Divorced
Residence area
  Urban 1.149*** 1.039 1.272 0.007 1.148* 0.977 1.350 0.094 1.140** 1.001 1.299 0.048
  Rural 0.893** 0.806 0.989 0.030 0.771*** 0.655 0.909 0.002 0.987 0.866 1.126 0.850
  Moderate urban
Enabling factors
 Income
  Q1 (poorest)
  Q2 1.121 0.959 1.310 0.152 1.179 0.877 1.585 0.276 1.089 0.901 1.316 0.377
  Q3 1.151* 0.977 1.355 0.092 1.074 0.801 1.440 0.633 1.217* 0.994 1.490 0.057
  Q4 1.373*** 1.166 1.617 0.000 1.289* 0.965 1.721 0.086 1.433*** 1.169 1.758 0.001
  Q5 (richest) 1.733*** 1.463 2.052 0.000 1.630*** 1.208 2.199 0.001 1.772*** 1.437 2.185 0.000
 Employment_status
  Employed 1.109 0.916 1.342 0.291 0.902 0.589 1.382 0.637 1.153 0.925 1.437 0.204
  Unemployed 1.118 0.888 1.408 0.342 0.851 0.538 1.347 0.492 1.204 0.913 1.588 0.188
  Student 1.216 0.882 1.677 0.233 0.982 0.557 1.733 0.951 1.394 0.924 2.103 0.114
  Retired 0.986 0.813 1.197 0.889 0.771 0.497 1.194 0.244 1.066 0.853 1.331 0.575
  All remaing status
  Financial_availability 1.128** 1.019 1.249 0.020 1.224** 1.030 1.456 0.022 1.079 0.951 1.225 0.238
Needs
 Health and needs
  SAH 1.064* 0.999 1.132 0.054 1.082 0.977 1.197 0.130 1.061 0.979 1.149 0.152
  Chronic 1.011 0.911 1.121 0.843 0.982 0.831 1.162 0.834 1.031 0.902 1.180 0.653
  Pain intensity 1.193*** 1.156 1.232 0.000 1.225*** 1.163 1.290 0.000 1.173*** 1.127 1.221 0.000
  Lack courage/well-being 0.905 0.754 1.088 0.288 0.869 0.596 1.266 0.464 0.914 0.741 1.127 0.400
  Lack sleep 1.153** 1.012 1.313 0.032 1.340** 1.066 1.685 0.012 1.067 0.912 1.250 0.417
  Lack energy 1.100 0.945 1.280 0.217 1.174 0.887 1.554 0.262 1.070 0.894 1.280 0.460
  Lack focus 0.914 0.726 1.152 0.448 0.771 0.475 1.250 0.291 0.972 0.746 1.268 0.836
 Unmet healthcare needs
  Unmet_needs 1.233*** 1.066 1.427 0.005 1.211 0.942 1.557 0.134 1.261*** 1.054 1.509 0.011
  Waiting_list 0.724*** 0.583 0.899 0.003 0.798 0.544 1.171 0.249 0.688*** 0.529 0.894 0.005
  Waiting_distance 1.263*** 1.143 1.397 0.000 1.276*** 1.078 1.510 0.005 1.246*** 1.099 1.412 0.001
Other Needs
  BMI 0.986*** 0.977 0.996 0.006 0.982** 0.964 0.999 0.039 0.990* 0.979 1.002 0.095
  Emergency_pill 1.348*** 1.105 1.643 0.003
  Birthcontrol_pill 0.889 0.747 1.058 0.184
  Constant 0.219*** 0.127 0.378 0.000 0.173*** 0.070 0.424 0.000 0.201*** 0.098 0.412 0.000
  Number of obs 13,155 5740 7388
  Wald chi2 (29) 466.86 192.52 235.28
  Prob > chi2 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
  Pseudo R2 0.0344 0.0360 0.0290
Log pseudolikelihood −6,807.220 −2,711.719 −4,065.832
Linktest
 _hatsq (P > z) 0.0062 0.935 0.156 0.145 0.025 0.824
 Hosmer-Lemeshow chi2 (Prob > chi2) 3.71 0.8819 8.13 0.4212 7.55 0.4781

Note: _cons estimates baseline odds; ***p < 0.01; **p < 0.05; *p < 0.1. Bold indicates statistically significant OR.