Table 1.
Clinical characteristics of school-age children with normal BMI and overweight/obesity.
| Variables | Normal BMI (n=181) | Overweight/obesity (n=619) | P |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sex | |||
| Male | 96 (20.25) | 378 (79.75) | 0.053 |
| Female | 85 (26.07) | 241 (73.93) | |
| Age (years) | 9.40 (8.70-10.65) | 10.20 (9.20-10.90) | <0.001 |
| BMI Z-score | 1.63(0.67-2.56) | 2.08 (1.40-2.54) | <0.001 |
| White blood cell count (109/L) | 6.03 (5.23-6.91) | 7.15 (6.08-8.44) | <0.001 |
| Absolute neutrophil count (109/L) | 2.92 (2.32-3.58) | 3.79 (3.05-4.73) | <0.001 |
| Absolute lymphocyte counts (109/L) | 2.53 (2.19-2.95) | 2.64 (2.18-3.18) | 0.065 |
| Absolute monocyte count (109/L) | 0.34 (0.28-0.41) | 0.38 (0.32-0.47) | <0.001 |
| Absolute eosinophil count (109/L) | 0.11 (0.07-0.19) | 0.13 (0.09-0.21) | 0.028 |
| Absolute basophils count (109/L) | 0.03 (0.02-0.03) | 0.03 (0.02-0.04) | 0.781 |
| Red blood cell count (1012/L) | 4.74 (4.55-4.92) | 4.84 (4.65-5.05) | <0.001 |
| Hemoglobin concentration (g/L) | 135.00 (129.25-140.00) | 136.00 (131.00-141.00) | 0.042 |
| Hematocrit (%) | 40.75 (39.13-42.08) | 41.30 (39.90-42.70) | <0.001 |
| Mean corpuscular volume (fL) | 85.70 (83.90-87.88) | 85.00 (82.80-87.30) | 0.005 |
| Mean corpuscular hemoglobin (pg) | 28.40 (27.73-29.10) | 28.10 (27.30-28.80) | <0.001 |
| Mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (g/L) | 332.00 (328.00-335.00) | 330.00 (325.00-334.00) | <0.001 |
| Platelet count (109/L) | 287.00 (248.25-323.00) | 312.00 (274.00-354.25) | <0.001 |
| Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio | 1.16 (0.91-1.44) | 1.42 (1.11-1.81) | <0.001 |
| Platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio | 114.79 (93.39-136.48) | 119.25 (100.32-141.90) | 0.004 |
| Fasting plasma insulin (mIU/L) | 5.81 (4.14-8.15) |
12.38 (8.23-19.16) | <0.001 |
| Fasting plasma glucose (mmol/L) | 4.93 (4.73-5.21) | 4.98 (4.75-5.29) | 0.227 |
| HOMA-IR | 1.28 (0.90-1.88) | 2.74 (1.80-4.25) | <0.001 |
| HOMA-β | 78.59 (59.15-112.49) | 164.53 (111.57-270.58) | <0.001 |
| Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | 3.84 (3.39-4.29) | 4.08 (3.63-4.56) | <0.001 |
| Triglyceride (mmol/L) | 0.81 (0.62-1.08) | 1.13 (0.84-1.53) | <0.001 |
| High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (mmol/L) | 1.38 (1.24-1.57) | 1.22 (1.09-1.37) | <0.001 |
| Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (mmol/L) | 2.23 (1.92-2.51) | 2.41 (2.13-2.78) | <0.001 |
| Triglyceride/HDL ratio | 0.57 (0.43-0.75) | 0.94 (0.64-1.35) | <0.001 |
| Total bilirubin (μmol/L) | 10.99 (9.08-13.52) | 10.01 (8.20-12.53) | 0.001 |
| Aspartate transaminase (U/L) | 22.85 (20.20-26.10) | 23.00 (19.30-28.10) | 0.697 |
| Alanine transaminase (U/L) | 12.25 (10.33-15.60) | 18.30 (13.60-31.30) | <0.001 |
| Blood urea nitrogen (mmol/L) | 4.07 (3.48-4.97) | 4.03 (3.33-4.70) | 0.314 |
| Serum creatinine (μmol/L) | 43.90 (40.53-48.50) | 44.05 (40.50-48.10) | 0.928 |
| Serum uric acid (μmol/L) | 298.17 (255.15-353.71) | 366.24 (316.76-423.21) | <0.001 |
| C-reactive protein (mg/L) | 4.08 (3.80-4.37) | 4.39 (2.21-4.47) | 0.001 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 101.33 (95.67-107.33) | 109.00 (102.67-116.25) | <0.001 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 70.33 (66.33-74.33) | 72.33 (67.42-77.67) | 0.001 |
BMI, body mass index; HOMA-β, homeostasis model assessment of beta-cell function; HOMA-IR, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance.