TABLE 4.
Clinical predictors of upper quartile (≥ Q3) morphometry values using multivariate logistic regression models.
| Intima/media area ratio ≥ 0.42 | Medial fibrosis ≥ 46.85% | |||
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| OR (95% CI) | P-value | OR (95% CI) | P-value | |
| Main model | ||||
| Age (per year) | 1.01 (0.99, 1.03) | 0.348 | 1.03 (1.01, 1.05) | 0.013 |
| Female sex | 0.81 (0.46, 1.43) | 0.470 | 1.40 (0.80, 2.44) | 0.234 |
| Hispanic | 0.73 (0.37, 1.46) | 0.372 | 0.75 (0.38, 1.48) | 0.408 |
| Black | 0.76 (0.35, 1.61) | 0.467 | 1.02 (0.48, 2.15) | 0.960 |
| Hypertension | 1.03 (0.47, 2.23) | 0.944 | 0.73 (0.34, 1.54) | 0.405 |
| Diabetes | 2.02 (1.08, 3.80) | 0.029 | 1.90 (0.99, 3.64) | 0.052 |
| CKD/ESKD | 1.69 (0.79, 3.63) | 0.177 | 0.92 (0.43, 1.96) | 0.824 |
| Basilic vein | 1.33 (0.58, 3.04) | 0.497 | 0.57 (0.27, 1.21) | 0.146 |
| Additive models | ||||
| By stage and AVF history | ||||
| Age (per year) | 1.01 (0.99, 1.03) | 0.188 | 1.03 (1.01, 1.05) | 0.013 |
| –DM, + CKD5 | 1.47 (0.46, 4.67) | 0.519 | 0.51 (0.13, 1.98) | 0.330 |
| –DM, + ESKD_noAVF | 1.20 (0.51, 2.86) | 0.673 | 0.65 (0.26, 1.64) | 0.360 |
| –DM, + ESKD_w/AVF | 1.43 (0.42, 4.86) | 0.563 | 1.09 (0.32, 3.71) | 0.891 |
| + DM, –CKD5/ESKD | 1.42 (0.46, 4.39) | 0.546 | 1.33 (0.45, 3.91) | 0.605 |
| + DM, + CKD5 | 1.95 (0.65, 5.91) | 0.236 | 2.87 (0.99, 8.28) | 0.052 |
| + DM, + ESKD_noAVF | 1.81 (0.74, 4.43) | 0.197 | 1.48 (0.62, 3.56) | 0.378 |
| + DM, + ESKD_w/AVF | 13.19 (3.38, 51.50) | < 0.001 | 0.68 (0.17, 2.66) | 0.577 |
| By stage and vintage | ||||
| Age (per year) | 1.02 (0.99, 1.04) | 0.156 | 1.03 (1.01, 1.05) | 0.015 |
| –DM, + CKD5 | 1.44 (0.45, 4.60) | 0.537 | 0.51 (0.13, 1.99) | 0.335 |
| –DM, < 12 months | 0.53 (0.17, 1.64) | 0.267 | 0.78 (0.30, 1.99) | 0.598 |
| –DM, > 12 months | 3.25 (1.22, 8.62) | 0.018 | 0.74 (0.23, 2.43) | 0.621 |
| + DM, –CKD5/ESKD | 1.40 (0.45, 4.34) | 0.560 | 1.34 (0.45, 3.93) | 0.598 |
| + DM, + CKD5 | 1.93 (0.64, 5.83) | 0.246 | 2.88 (0.999, 8.33) | 0.050 |
| + DM, < 12 months | 3.15 (1.34, 7.41) | 0.009 | 1.11 (0.45, 2.75) | 0.821 |
| + DM, > 12 months | 3.48 (1.09, 11.09) | 0.035 | 1.37 (0.41, 4.53) | 0.609 |
Reference levels for binary variables are male sex, white race, non-basilic vein, and negative for hypertension, diabetes (DM), and CKD/ESKD. The reference level for the additive model is negative for both diabetes and CKD/ESKD. CI, confidence interval; OR, odds ratio. ESKD_w/AVF and _noAVF refer to ESKD patients with and without history of a previous AVF/AVG, respectively. Similarly, < 12 and > 12 months refer to ESKD patients separated by dialysis vintage. Bold values indicate statistical significance.