Table 3.
Codebook for endorsed sensory sensitivities
Category | Definition | Exemplar quotes |
---|---|---|
Touch | Includes descriptions about touch, putting things in one’s mouth, fabric/clothing, light/heavy pressure, (e.g., stomping, jumping), what can be on the skin/body, and toothbrushing | “He has tactile issues, so if he’s eating in front of people and he picks up like a piece of toast for example, he doesn’t like getting the fine grains on his fingers, so he’ll kind of immediately wipe it on himself… he can’t tolerate it being on his fingers for two seconds and he just has to do whatever, he has to get it off right away” |
Sound | Includes descriptions about sound, auditory, noise, hearing, and pitch. Includes hyperacusis and misophonia | “So, basically most of the sensory issues seem to revolve around audio. So, like, loud noises, especially if they’re startling noises, even from the time she was a baby, that has always been something that I’ve been aware that she had an issue with.” |
Sight | Includes descriptions about vision, sight, lightness, and darkness | “Oh, it could be light at home, it could be light on her…on my phone and that she would turn it down, on my iPad that she would turn it down, all the television or you know, of course daylight. And if it’s on a very sunny day she will have a problem… She wears glasses. So we had it so that she have these transitional lens, so whenever she goes out, it just automatically is much easier for her to manage than to have to put a clip on or whatever. It’s a big issue when she drives…” |
Taste | Includes descriptions about taste, food, flavor, diet, and palate, as it relates to eating | “He likes, popcorn chicken, he likes tacos, but a certain kind of tacos. He likes some kind of quesadilla from Taco Bell… I have been trying to mimic that at home but it’s not the same. He knows that it’s not from Taco Bell, so it’s not the same.” |
Food texture/temperature | Includes descriptions about food textures (e.g., crunchy, slimy, slick, goopy) or food temperatures (e.g., hot or cold items), as it relates to eating | “He dislikes anything gushy, mushy, gritty, oatmeal or cream of wheat or something like that but he loves smooth and creamy, he likes yogurt or like a pudding texture, he’ll eat that.” |
Smell | Includes descriptions about smells and odors. Includes lack of smell | “Perfume, perfume. If she gets somebody that has a lot of perfume on she will, ‘I’ve got to move, I’ve got to move, I need to move now because they’ve got a lot of perfume on,’ and I can’t even smell it.” |
Bodily states | Includes inability to sense pain, interoception, proprioception, and vestibular sensations. Also includes inability to sense hot/cold external temperature and hot/cold water | “This is a sensitivity he doesn’t have, he’s impervious to the weather. So, it doesn’t matter to him if it’s 90, 95, 100 degrees, it doesn’t matter to him if it’s 25, 30, 35 degrees …He doesn’t notice [those temperatures], he’s impervious to it, it doesn’t faze him in the least. So, there’s no for him to say, ‘oh, it’s cold, I should put on a jacket,’ or anything. I mean, it’s me just saying, ‘no, [son’s name], you need to wear a jacket or something.’” |
Unclear/other | Includes descriptions where the sensory sensitivity is unclear (e.g., uncertainty regarding its presence or what is driving the sensitivity) or not included in our codebook | “He’s not sensory deprived, but he looks for sensory input elsewhere, you know, because he doesn’t have the awareness kind of, you know, on his own to … to or input. I don’t know how to explain it.” |
These codes describe any current sensory sensitivities, sensory insensitivities, and/or sensory interests