1) Our findings support a redefinition of high risk for extubation failure, as the different response to preventive choices deserve at least two subgroups of patients at high risk.

2) The additive effect of high-risk factors for extubation failure associate a higher risk for reintubation and a better response to preventive noninvasive ventilation.

3) Noninvasive ventilation with active humidification improves patient´s comfort and increase the real time of application. There is a risk for delaying reintubation.