TABLE 1.
Table of identified antigens in Ovarian cancer. These antigens are either mutated or overexpressed in the various types of the ovarian carcinomas and can serve as potential targets for immunotherapy against ovarian cancer cells. The blank spaces indicate that the significance and precise role of the genes in OC is not known and yet to be determined.
| Type | Antigen name | Band location | Significances and functions involved in OC | Positive % in OC | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| TAA | ABCB1 (MDR1) | 7q21.1 | Negative influence on chemosensitivity | 86% (177/206) | Lu et al. (2007); Vaidyanathan et al. (2016); Wu et al. (2016) |
| TAA | AKAP3 | 12p13.32 | Increased motility, increased risk of metastasis and delayed prognosis | 58% (43/74) | Hasegawa et al. (2004); Sharma et al. (2005a); Sharma et al. (2005b) |
| TAA | AKAP4 | Xp11.22 | Influences cell cycle, inhibits apoptosis and increased epithelial mesenchymal transition, increased metastasis | 89% (34/38) | Agarwal et al. (2013); Kumar et al. (2017) |
| TAA | BAGE | 21p11.2 | Formation and development of ascites | 14.6 % (6/41) | Gillespie et al. (1998); Zhang et al. (2010) |
| TAA | BIRC5 | 17q25.3 | Inhibition of Apoptosis | 60% (25/41) | Wang et al. (2018a); Trnski et al. (2019) |
| TAA | BORIS | 20q13.31 | DNA hypomethylation | — | Woloszynska-Read et al. (2007); Woloszynska-Read et al. (2011); Link et al. (2013) |
| TSA | BRCA 1 | 17q21.31 | Influences DNA repair, cell cycle checkpoint regulation and transcription | 100% (18% mutated 36/201) | Kurman and Shih. (2011); Wang et al. (2018b); Tsibulak et al. (2018) |
| TSA | BRCA 2 | 13q12.3 | Influences DNA repair, cell cycle checkpoint regulation and transcription | 100% (6% mutated 11/201) | Kurman and Shih. (2011); Wang et al. (2018b); Tsibulak et al. (2018) |
| TAA | CA125/MUC16 | 19p13.2 | Indicates malignancy, promotes cell proliferation, inhibits anticancer innate immune response, influences cancer cell signalling, increases metastasis | 90% (37/41) | Leung et al. (2013); Felder et al. (2014); Kloudová et al. (2016); Sallum et al. (2018); Verri et al. (2020) |
| TAA | CEACAM21 | 19q13.2 | Promotes tumourigenesis by inhibition if cellular differentiation | — | Kreuzinger et al. (2017) |
| TAA | CT-45 | Xq26.3 | Influences DNA repair- damage response, increased Chemosensitivity | 37% (82/219 | Chen et al. (2009); Zhang et al. (2015); Coscia et al. (2018) |
| TAA | EPCAM | 2p21 | Enhances tumour initiating ability of ovarian stem like cells | 90% (37/41) | Van Elssen et al. (2010); van der Gun et al. (2013); Kloudová et al. (2016) |
| TAA | FOLR1 | 11q13.4 | Influences nucleic acid synthesis and cellular metabolism | 90% (37/41) | Leung et al. (2013); Köbel et al. (2014); Kloudová et al. (2016) |
| TAA | GAGE-1/2 | Xp11.23 | — | 14.65% (40/273) | Gillespie et al. (1998); Duan et al. (1999); Materna et al. (2007) |
| TAA | Her2/neu | 17q12 | Regulates cell proliferation, DNA damage, tumour cell metastasis | 31.53% (35/111) | Verri et al. (2005); Demir et al. (2014); Wang et al. (2016); Verri et al. (2020) |
| TAA | HORMAD1 | 1q21.3 | Influences angiogenesis, cell cycle and ascites | 76.1 % (68/90) | Shahzad et al. (2013) |
| TAA | HSP70-2 | 6p21.33 | Influences cell proliferation, colony forming abilities and cell viability | — | Gupta et al. (2017) |
| TAA | KIF2A | 5q12.1 | Influences cell migration and cell signalling | 71.17% (79/111) | Verri et al. (2005); Wang et al. (2016); Sheng et al. (2018) |
| TAA | LAGE-1 | Xq28 | — | 40% (42/107) | Odunsi et al. (2003); McCormack et al. (2013) |
| TAA | MAGE-A1 | Xq28 | Indicator of degree of malignancy and clinical stage, Critical to cell survival and tumorigenesis, transformation of stem cells, associated with poor prognosis | 40.3% (25/62) | Daudi et al. (2014); Srdelić et al. (2019) |
| TAA | MAGE-A3 | Xq28 | Critical to cell survival and tumorigenesis, transformation of stem cells | 36% (131/300) | Batchu et al. (2014); Daudi et al. (2014); Esfandiary and Ghafouri-Fard. (2015) |
| TAA | MAGE -A4 | Xq28 | Critical to cell survival and tumorigenesis, transformation of stem cells, Correlates to other MAGE expression | 47% (186/399) | Yakirevich et al. (2003); Daudi et al. (2014); Srdelić et al. (2019) |
| TAA | MAGE-A10 | Xq28 | Critical to cell survival and tumorigenesis, transformation of stem cells, associated with poor prognosis | 52% (204/395) | Daudi et al. (2014); Kloudová et al. (2016) |
| TAA | MAGE-C1 | Xq27.2 | Critical to cell survival and tumorigenesis, transformation of stem cells | 16% (42/267) | Daudi et al. (2014); Kloudová et al. (2016) |
| TAA | MUC1 | 1q22 | Has a role in intracellular cell signalling, cell adhesion and in forming protective mucous barriers on epithelial surfaces | 90% (37/41) | Van Elssen et al. (2010); Kloudová et al. (2016) |
| TAA | NY-ESO-1 | Xq28 | Corelates to high nuclear grade | 41% (410/1,002) | Odunsi et al. (2003); Yakirevich et al. (2003) |
| TAA | OY-TES-1 | 12p13.31 | - | 81 % (87/107) | Fan et al. (2015) |
| TSA | p53 | 17p13.1 | Mutated tumour suppressor gene, regulates cell cycle, apoptosis, DNA repair and senescence | 70.7% (29/41) | Kloudová et al. (2016); Silwal-Pandit et al. (2017); Carter et al. (2018); Sallum et al. (2018); Zhu et al. (2021) |
| TAA | PIWIL1 | 12q24.33 | Important role in tumour stem cell maintenance and differentiation, effects Tumour progression | 90% (18/20) | Chen et al. (2013) |
| TAA | PIWIL2 | 8p21.3 | 95% (19/20) | ||
| TAA | PIWIL3 | 22q11.23 | |||
| TAA | PIWIL4 | 11q21 | |||
| TAA | POTEs | - | Correlates to increased stage and grade, Role in apoptosis, cytoskeletal function | 32.5% (13/40) | Bera et al. (2006); Barger et al. (2018); Sharma et al. (2019) |
| TAA | PLU-1/JARID1B/KDM5B | 1q32.1 | Influences gene expression ad chromatin structure | 71% (85/120) | Wang et al. (2015) |
| TAA | PRAME | 22q11.22 | Stimulates cytotoxic T lymphocytes linked to hypomethylation phenotype | 60% (70/119) | Griffioen et al. (2006); Zhang et al. (2016); Pankov et al. (2017) |
| TAA | RRBP1 | 20p12.1 | Related to FIGO stage, histological type and grade and lymph node metastasis, regulates RNA stability, attenuates ER stress to survive tumorigenesis | 77 % (83/100) | Ma et al. (2019) |
| TAA | SPAG9 | 17q21 | Hotspot for chromosomal aberration, influences cellular interaction | 90% (18/20) | Garg et al. (2007) |
| TAA | Sp17 | 11q24.2 | Correlated to chemoresistance, Immune suppression, cell migration and metastasis | 43% (30/70) | Straughn et al. (2004); Brunette et al. (2018); Gao et al. (2018) |
| TAA | SSX-1 | Xp11.22 | May be linked with cell migration and metastasis | 2.5% (3/120) | Türeci et al. (1998); Valmori et al. (2006); Godefroy et al. (2007); Smith and McNeel. (2010) |
| TAA | SSX-2 | Xp11.22 | 10% (12/120) | Türeci et al. (1998); Valmori et al. (2006); Smith and McNeel. (2010) | |
| TAA | SSX-4 | Xp11.22 | 16% (19/120) | Türeci et al. (1998); Valmori et al. (2006); Smith and McNeel. (2010) | |
| TAA | TPBG | 6q14.1 | Involved in cell adhesion, may act as an inhibitor for Wnt/Beta-catenin signalling Pathway | 60% (25/41) | Kloudová et al. (2016) |
| TAA | TRAG3 | Xq28 | Linked to chemoresistance, malignant phenotype | 83.8% (31/37) | Duan et al. (1999); Duan et al. (2003); Yao et al. (2004); Materna et al. (2007) |
| TAA | WT1 | 11p13 | Linked to higher grade and stage, influences mutational changes, global demethylation, and histone deacetylation | 82.9% (34/41) | Hylander et al. (2006); Stewart et al. (2008); Kloudová et al. (2016); Carter et al. (2018); Sallum et al. (2018) |