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. 2022 Nov 17;18:2713–2723. doi: 10.2147/NDT.S388062

Table 3.

Characteristics of Included Studies

References Country Type of Study Total ICU LOS (Days) Hospital LOS (Days) Duration of Mechanical Ventilation Confirmed VAP Cases Mortality
Early Late Early Late Early Late Early Late Early Late Early Late
Alsherbini 201928 USA Retrospective 44 96 15(7.66*) 21.13(8.42) NA NA 13.40(9.40) 18.20(8.30) NA NA NA NA
Bösel 20134 Germany Prospective 30 30 14.35(5.44) 17.42(6.22) NA NA 13.93(5.44) 12.00(6.23) NA NA 3 14
Catalino 201829 USA Retrospective 15 33 20.10(10.60) 31.50(28.10) 28.50(12.50) 44.40(33.70) 7.30(7.20) 15.20(6.60) 6 12 5 2
Chen 201930 China Retrospective 316 109 NA NA 21.05(11.91) 28.87(15.40) NA NA NA NA 6 4
Gessler 201531 Germany Retrospective 39 109 NA NA NA NA 17.40(8.68) 22.30(7.75) 11 15 3 8
Hallan 202227 Multiple countries Retrospective 1210 1210 NA NA NA NA NA NA 665 725 219 221
Böse 202219 Multiple countries Prospective 177 189 18.40(10.46) 19.70(8.96) 26.80(19.43) 29.15(20.17) 14.0(8.96) 12.40(4.77) NA NA 26 29
Villwock 201432 USA Retrospective 5591 7574 NA NA 29.10(24.40) 36.80(26.00) NA NA 346 644 699 894

Note: *Two decimal points are reserved.

Abbreviations: NA, not available; ICU, intensive care unit; LOS, length of stay; VAP, ventilator-associated pneumonia.