FIGURE 4.

(A) Capsaicin inhibited the colony formation and sphere formation of WB‐F344 cells in a dose‐dependent manner. Colonies were fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde and stained with 0.1% crystal violet 7 days later. Spheres were observed and captured 6 days later. (B) The expression of OCT4, SOX2, c‐Myc, NANOG, and SIRT1 was detected with western blot in liver tissues from the DEN and DEN+capsaicin groups. (C) Immunofluorescence staining showed that SIRT1 and SOX2 were expressed in human hepatocarcinomaat a higher level than in corresponding adjacent tissues. Scale bars, 40 μm. (D) Immunohistochemical staining showed that the expression of SIRT1 and SOX2 was lower in the DEN+capsaicin group than in the DEN group. Scale bars, 40 μm