Table 2. Evidence for outcome measures.

SMD, standardized mean difference; 95% CI, 95% confidence interval.

Comparison No, studies (ref.)	Quality assessment				No. patients		Effect, SMD (95% CI)	Quality
	Risk of bias	Inconsistency	Indirectness	Imprecision	Intervention	Control
Physical Activity, Ex vs Con
End point 7 (43, 45, 47, 54, 56, 57, 59)	Very Serious	Not Serious (I2 = 27%)	Not Serious	Not Serious	668	528	0.11 (-0.04 to 0.25)	⊕⊕○○ Low
Follow up 4 (43, 45, 54, 57)	Very Serious	Not Serious (I2 = 0%)	Not Serious	Not Serious	401	301	0.10 (-0.05 to 0.25)	⊕⊕○○ Low
Physical Activity, Edu vs Con
End point 7 (44, 46, 48, 50–52, 55)	Very Serious	Very Serious (I2 = 70%)	Not Serious	Not Serious	474	494	0.24 (-0.00 to 0.48)	⊕○○○ Very Low
Follow up 3 (46, 48, 53)	Very Serious	Very Serious (I2 = 76%)	Not Serious	Serious	183	183	0.07 (-0.38 to 0.53)	⊕○○○ Very Low
Physical Activity, Ex + Edu vs Con
End point 5 (22–24, 49, 58)	Very Serious	Very Serious (I2 = 87%)	Not Serious	Not Serious	848	662	0.33 (0.04 to 0.61)	⊕○○○ Very Low
Follow up 4 (22–24, 49)	Very Serious	Very Serious (I2 = 82%)	Not Serious	Not Serious	812	632	0.24 (-0.02 to 0.50)	⊕○○○ Very Low
Pain, Ex vs Con
End point 7 (43, 45, 47, 54, 56. 57, 59)	Very Serious	Not Serious (I2 = 0%)	Not Serious	Not Serious	746	609	-0.25 (-0.36 to -0.14)	⊕⊕○○ Low
Follow up 4 (43, 45, 54, 57)	Very Serious	Not Serious (I2 = 0%)	Not Serious	Not Serious	464	341	-0.15 (-0.29 to -0.01)	⊕⊕○○ Low
Pain, Edu vs Con
End point 7 (44, 46, 48, 50–52, 55)	Very Serious	Very Serious (I2 = 83%)	Not Serious	Not Serious	436	443	-0.39 (-0.74 to -0.05)	⊕○○○ Very Low
Follow up 3 (46, 48, 53)	Very Serious	Not Serious (I2 = 0%)	Not Serious	Not Serious	327	319	-0.12 (-0.28 to 0.03)	⊕⊕○○ Low
Pain, Ex + Edu vs Con
End point 5 (22–24, 49, 58)	Very Serious	Not Serious (I2 = 0%)	Not Serious	Not Serious	569	344	-0.15 (-0.29 to -0.02)	⊕⊕○○ Low
Follow up 4 (22–24, 49)	Very Serious	Not Serious (I2 = 0%)	Not Serious	Not Serious	492	268	-0.18 (-0.33 to -0.03)	⊕⊕○○ Low