Table 6. Comparison of unadjusted and adjusted bone turnover markers between people living with and without HIV of both sexes.
| Bone turnover markers | HIV status | Unadjusted | P-valueⱡ | Adjusted | P-value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean difference | 95% CI | Mean difference | 95% CI | ||||
| Men (n = 270) | |||||||
| P1NP (ng/mL) | Uninfected | ref | - | ref | - | ||
| Infected | 7.15 | (1.63, 12.66) | 0.011 | 7.14 | (1.52, 12.76) | 0.013 | |
| CTX (ng/mL) | uninfected | ref | - | ref | - | ||
| infected | 0.07 | (0.02, 0.12) | 0.008 | 0.04 | (-0.02, 0.10) | 0.20 | |
| 25(OH)D (ng/mL) | Uninfected | ref | - | ref | - | ||
| Infected | -3.97 | (-6.44, -1.49) | 0.002 | -3.59 | (-6.12, -1.06) | 0.006 | |
| Women (n = 167) | |||||||
| P1NP (ng/mL) | uninfected | ref | - | ref | - | ||
| infected | 12.72 | (2.92, 22.52) | 0.011 | 10.10 | (-2.73, 22.94) | 0.122 | |
| CTX (ng/mL) | uninfected | ref | - | ref | - | ||
| infected | 0.13 | (0.04, 0.22) | 0.004 | 0.10 | (-0.02, 0.21) | 0.097 | |
| 25(OH)D (ng/mL) | Uninfected | ref | - | ref | - | ||
| Infected | -2.49 | (-4.80, -0.18) | 0.035 | -2.97 | (-6.18, 0.25) | 0.07 | |
P-values were estimated by linear regression mode.
All variables with p-value <0.20 in the univariate model together with age, BMI, current smoking and alcohol use status were adjusted in the multivariate model for P1NP and CTX. All variables with p-value <0.20 in the univariate model together with age, BMI, and living in Bangkok were adjusted in the multivariate model for serum 25(OH)D. P1NP: serum procollagen type 1 N-terminal propeptide; CTX: C-terminal cross-linking telopeptide of type I collagen; 25(OH)D:25-dihydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D).