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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Nov 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Econom. 2020 Sep 15;231(1):3–32. doi: 10.1016/j.jeconom.2020.07.044

Table 2.

Summary Statistics of Answers to the Subjective Probability-Elicitation Form

Brief description of the MSD item Panel A
Scenario 1 Scenario 2
Human capital at birth is “high” Investment is “high” Human capital at birth is “low” Investment is “high”
Mean Median SD Mean Median SD
Speaks partial sentence 82.27 (0.59) 90.00 (0.84) 16.97 (4.30) 67.28 (0.71) 70.00 (1.68) 20.31 (4.37)
Counts three objects correctly 79.27 (0.68) 80.00 (0.84) 19.58 (4.74) 65.63 (0.74) 70.00 (0.84) 21.32 (4.48)
Knows own age and sex 83.89 (0.59) 90.00 (0.84) 16.81 (4.39) 69.80 (0.70) 70.00 (0.84) 20.04 (4.24)
Says first and last names together 82.23 (0.67) 90.00 (0.84) 19.30 (5.15) 69.19 (0.75) 70.00 (1.60) 21.37 (4.73)
Brief description of the MSD item Panel B
Scenario 3 Scenario 4
Human capital at birth is “high” Investment is “low” Human capital at birth is “low” Investment is “low”
Mean Median SD Mean Median SD
Speaks partial sentence 59.18 (0.64) 60.00 (0.92) 18.43 (3.99) 46.23 (0.65) 50.00 (0.84) 18.76 (4.02)
Counts three objects correctly 56.63 (0.71) 60.00 (0.84) 20.25 (4.34) 44.69 (0.68) 41.00 (0.84) 19.55 (4.20)
Knows own age and sex 59.84 (0.66) 60.00 (0.84) 18.82 (4.15) 47.15 (0.67) 50.00 (0.84) 19.13 (4.13)
Says first and last names together 59.68 (0.70) 60.00 (1.68) 20.11 (4.33) 47.15 (0.72) 50.00 (0.84) 20.75 (4.41)

Note: This table shows the mean, median, and standard deviation (SD) of maternal reports of subjective probability for each MSD item and scenario. See Figure 1 for a full description of the MSD items and scenarios. We order MSD items according to their difficulty, from easiest (“speaks partial sentence”) to hardest (“says first and last name together”). The table shows that the maternal subjective probabilities increase with human capital at birth and investments. However, they do not vary with item difficulty. We show the standard errors in parentheses.