Table 2.
Lipid, inflammatory and oxidative and antioxidative stress parameters in SARS-CoV-2 infected patients with different disease severity in the first time point.
| Parameter | Mild n (28) |
Moderate n (23) |
Severe n (39) |
p |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TC, mmol/L | 4.20 ± 0.77 | 4.42 ± 0.81 | 4.07 ± 1.24 | 0.580 |
| TG, mmol/L | 1.53 (1.14-1.94) | 1.64 (1.18-2.75) | 1.70 (1.20-2.30) | 0.585 |
| HDL-C, mmol/L | 1.14 ± 0.34 | 0.93 ± 0.28 | 0.90 ± 0.29a¥ | 0.016 |
| LDL-C, mmol/L | 2.33 ± 0.78 | 2.56 ± 0.63 | 2.45 ± 0.90 | 0.739 |
| oxLDL, ng/mL | 205 (177-234) | 240 (198-275)a£ | 519.8 (297-688)ab£ | <0.001 |
| LDL I, % | 22.1 ± 9.8 | 16.5 ± 7.5 | 20.6 ± 8.5 | 0.068 |
| LDL II, % | 30.6 ± 8.0 | 31.5 ± 8.1 | 30.3 ± 9.5 | 0.886 |
| LDL III, % | 21.2 ± 6.5 | 27.2 ± 8.7a¥ | 25.0 ± 9.6 | 0.024 |
| LDL IV, % | 26.2 ± 7.1 | 24.3 ± 6.8 | 24.1 ± 10.9 | 0.624 |
| sdLDL, % | 47.3 ± 11.1 | 52.1 ± 12.7 | 49.1 ± 14.0 | 0.423 |
| HDL 2b, % | 56.5 ± 6.8 | 54.0 ± 7.0 | 55.0 ± 5.5 | 0.365 |
| HDL 2a, % | 23.1 ± 3.2 | 23.0 ± 2.4 | 25.0 ± 4.6 | 0.057 |
| HDL 3a, % | 11.8 ± 2.9 | 12.0 ± 2.6 | 11.0 ± 2.2 | 0.310 |
| HDL 3b, % | 4.8 ± 1.6 | 6.2 ± 2.2a¥ | 4.8 ± 2.0 | 0.016 |
| HDL 3c, % | 3.9 ± 1.9 | 4.8 ± 2.6 | 3.6 ± 2.4 | 0.149 |
| HDL 2, % | 79.5 ± 4.6 | 77.1 ± 6.2 | 80.0 ± 5.5 | 0.109 |
| CRP, mg/L | 2.65 (0.80-8.68) | 8.60 (3.50-50.60)a£ | 58.10 (27.30-135.70)ab£ | <0.001 |
| IL-6, pg/mL | 3.60 (2.72-5.78) | 5.40 (3.30-13.70) | 12.40 (6.80-37.60)a£ | <0.001 |
| TAS, mmol/L | 1030 (882-1140) | 1084 (940-1137) | 823 (563-1022)ab£ | 0.006 |
| TOS, mmol/L | 30.3 (22.8-40.8) | 28.9 (23.5-41.0) | 12.80 (9.8-19.6)ab£ | <0.001 |
| SOD, U/L | 146 (141-152) | 144 (135-181) | 103 (94-125)ab£ | <0.001 |
| PON1, U/L | 342 (218-812) | 277 (184-643) | 181 (115-545)a£ | 0.036 |
| O2.-, μmol NBT/min/L | 25.0 (19.0-32.0) | 24.0 (18.5-36.0) | 14.0 (1.3-21.0)ab£ | 0.001 |
| PAB, U/L | 82.4 (63.0-94.3) | 97.2 (86.5-113.5)a£ | 104.8 (91.4-125.4)a£ | <0.001 |
| MDA, μmol/L | 0.411 (0.356-0.523) | 0.497 (0.390-0.629) | 1.260 (1.193-1.433)ab£ | <0.001 |
| SH-groups, mmol/L | 0.352 (0.318-0.483) | 0.320 (0.236-0.467) | 0.258 (0.212-0.326)a£ | 0.001 |
Data are presented as arithmetic mean ± standard deviation, compared by ANOVA or as median (interquartile range), and compared by Kruskal-Wallis test. (a) Statistically significant compared to mild disease group. (b) Statistically significant compared to moderate disease group. (¥) p ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant (post hoc Tukey HSD). (£) p ≤ 0.017 was considered statistically significant (Mann–Whitney U test with Bonferroni correction).