Table 1.
Clinical, epidemiological, and demographic characteristics of the studied population. Number of patients for each variable and their respective percentual values are shown below
| Variables | General population (n = 545)* | Positive population (n = 359)* | Negative population (n = 186)* | HBoV (n = 43)* | RSV (n = 87)* | AdV (n = 22)* | PIV (n = 89)* | FLU (n = 13)* | Coinfections (n = 105)* |
| Gender | |||||||||
| Male | 317/58.2 | 206/57.4 | 111/59.7 | 24/55.8 | 52/59.8 | 11/50 | 49/55 | 9/69.2 | 61/58.1 |
| Female | 228/41.8 | 153/42.6 | 75/40.3 | 19/44.2 | 35/40.2 | 11/50 | 40/45 | 4/30.8 | 44/41.9 |
|
Age (months) Mean / median |
13.3/8 | 11.5/7 | 16.8/10 | 12.1/8 | 8.9/4 | 13.3/9 | 13.1/8 | 13.8/8 | 11.2/8 |
| Range | 1–60 | 1–58 | 1–60 | 1–58 | 1–56 | 1–34 | 1–55 | 1–41 | 1–55 |
| Age group (months) | |||||||||
| 0 to 12 | 357/65.6 | 248/69 | 109/58.6 | 28/65.2 | 68/78.1 | 13/59.1 | 59/66.2 | 9/69.2 | 71/67.7 |
| 13 to 24 | 95/17.4 | 66/18.3 | 29/15.6 | 11/25.6 | 11/12.6 | 6/27.2 | 15/16.9 | 1/7.7 | 22/21.9 |
| 25 to 36 | 38/7.0 | 24/6.9 | 14/7.5 | 2/4.6 | 3/3.5 | 3/13.7 | 7/7.9 | 1/7.7 | 8/7.6 |
| 37 to 48 | 36/6.6 | 16/4.4 | 20/10.8 | 1/2.3 | 3/3.5 | 0 | 7/7.9 | 2/15.3 | 3/2.9 |
| 49 to 60 | 19/3.4 | 5/1.4 | 14/7.5 | 1/2.3 | 2/2.3 | 0 | 1/1.1 | 0 | 1/0.9 |
| Hospital care sector | |||||||||
| Emergency | 279/51.2 | 170/47.3 | 109/58.6 | 26/60.5 | 39/44.8 | 14/63.6 | 49/55.1 | 1/7.7 | 41/39.1 |
| Wards | 208/38.2 | 150/41.8 | 58/31.2 | 16/37.2 | 37/42.6 | 8/36.4 | 28/31.4 | 11/84.6 | 50/47.6 |
| Resuscitation | 49/9 | 33/9.2 | 16/8.6 | 1/2.3 | 9/10.3 | 0 | 9/10.1 | 1/7.7 | 13/12.4 |
| ICU | 9/1.6 | 6/1.7 | 3/1.6 | 0 | 2/2.3 | 0 | 3/3.4 | 0 | 1/0.9 |
| Risk factor | |||||||||
| Not detected | 161/29.5 | 110/30.7 | 51/27.4 | 8/18.6 | 27/31 | 7/31.8 | 32/35.9 | 5/38.4 | 31/29.5 |
| ARI cases in the family | 233/42.7 | 148/41.2 | 85/45.7 | 21/48.8 | 36/41.3 | 9/40.9 | 31/34.8 | 5/38.4 | 46/43.8 |
| Passive smoking | 138/25.3 | 87/24.2 | 51/27.4 | 16/37.2 | 17/19.5 | 5/22.7 | 21/23.6 | 4/30.7 | 24/22.8 |
| Attendance to daycare or school | 31/5.6 | 15/4.2 | 16/8.6 | 2/4.6 | 2/2.3 | 2/9 | 5/5.6 | 0 | 4/3.8 |
| No breastfeeding | 96/17.6 | 70/19.5 | 26/14 | 9/2.9 | 19/21.8 | 3/13.6 | 15/16.8 | 2/15.3 | 22/20.9 |
| Immunosuppression | 4/0.7 | 4/1.1 | 0 | 1/2.3 | 0 | 0 | 1/1.1 | 0 | 1/0.9 |
| Prematurity | 49/9 | 38/10.6 | 11/5.9 | 5/11.6 | 10/11.4 | 1/4.5 | 11/12.3 | 1/7.7 | 10/9.5 |
| Comorbidities | |||||||||
| Not detected | 402/73.7 | 263/73.2 | 139/74.7 | 33/76.7 | 64/73.5 | 13/59.1 | 66/74.1 | 5/38.4 | 82/78 |
| Heart disease | 76/13.9 | 51/14.2 | 25/13.4 | 5/11.6 | 12/13.7 | 6/27.2 | 10/11.2 | 6/46.1 | 12/11.4 |
| Pneumopathies | 7/1.2 | 5/1.4 | 2/1 | 1/2.3 | 0 | 1/4.5 | 1/1.1 | 0 | 2/1.9 |
| Neuropathy | 44/8 | 31/8.6 | 13/7 | 2/4.6 | 8/9.1 | 4/18.1 | 5/5.6 | 1/7.7 | 9/8.5 |
| Asthma | 15/2.7 | 6/1.7 | 9/4.8 | 1/2.3 | 2/2.3 | 0 | 3/3.4 | 0 | 0 |
| Treatment | |||||||||
| Antipyretic | 253/46.2 | 171/47.6 | 82/44 | 20/46.5 | 30/34.4 | 12/54.5 | 49/55 | 5/38.4 | 55/52.3 |
| Aerosol | 369/67.7 | 250/69.6 | 119/63.9 | 37/86 | 52/59.7 | 12/54.5 | 62/69.6 | 6/46.1 | 81/77.1 |
| Bronchodilators | 11/2 | 5/1.4 | 6/3.2 | 0 | 2/2.3 | 1/4.5 | 1/1.1 | 0 | 1/0.9 |
| Corticoids | 221/40.5 | 152/42.3 | 69/37 | 23/53.4 | 36/41.3 | 6/27.2 | 39/43.8 | 4/30.7 | 44/41.9 |
| Antibiotic | 400/73.3 | 277/77.1 | 123/66.1 | 39/90.6 | 58/66.6 | 13/59.1 | 70/7.8 | 8/61.5 | 89/87.7 |
| Signs and symptoms | |||||||||
| Cough | 436/80.0 | 306/85.2 | 130/69.9 | 42/97.7 | 63/72.4 | 16/72.7 | 86/96.7 | 7/53.8 | 92/87.6 |
| Dyspnea | 421/77.2 | 286/79.7 | 135/72.6 | 41/95.3 | 59/67.9 | 15/68.2 | 76/85.4 | 8/61.5 | 87/82.8 |
| Coryza | 321/58.9 | 209/58.2 | 112/60.2 | 26/60.5 | 36/41.4 | 11/0.5 | 59/66.3 | 5/38.5 | 42/40.0 |
| Fever | 318/58.3 | 211/58.8 | 107/57.5 | 30/69.8 | 41/47.1 | 12/54.5 | 56/63.0 | 5/38.5 | 67/63.8 |
| Nasal obstruction | 255/46.8 | 171/47.6 | 84/45.2 | 20/46.5 | 38/43.7 | 9/41 | 41/46.1 | 4/30.8 | 59/56.2 |
| Sneezing | 201/36.9 | 140/39.0 | 61/32.8 | 21/48.4 | 36/41.4 | 5/22.7 | 28/31.5 | 3/23.1 | 47/44.8 |
| Anorexia | 125/23.0 | 84/23.4 | 41/22.0 | 11/25.6 | 18/2.7 | 7/31.8 | 23/25.9 | 1/7.7 | 24/22.8 |
| Vomit | 109/20.0 | 62/17.3 | 47/25.3 | 8/18.6 | 12/13.8 | 5/22.7 | 15/16.8 | 1/7.7 | 21/20.0 |
| Diarrhea | 57/10.4 | 41/11.4 | 16/8.6 | 7/16.3 | 12/13.8 | 2/9.0 | 6/6.7 | 1/7.7 | 13/12.4 |
| Cyanosis | 23/4.22 | 17/4.7 | 6/3.2 | 3/7.0 | 3/3.4 | 0 | 3/3.4 | 1/7.7 | 7/6.7 |
| Wheezing | 18/3.3 | 15/4.2 | 3/1.7 | 2/4.6 | 6/6.9 | 0 | 2/2.2 | 1/7.7 | 4/3.8 |
| Seizure | 17/3.1 | 11/3.1 | 6/3.2 | 0 | 4/4.6 | 0 | 1/1.1 | 0 | 6/5.7 |
| Rash | 4/0.7 | 4/1.1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3/3.4 | 1/7.7 | 0 |
| Conjunctivitis | 2/0.4 | 1/0.3 | 1/0.5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1/0.9 |
| Rattling | 1/0.2 | 1/0.3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1/1.1 | 0 | 0 |
HBoV human bocavirus, RSV respiratory syncytial virus, AdV adenovirus, PIV parainfluenza virus 1–4, FLU influenza virus, ARI acute respiratory infection, ICU intensive care unit
*Numbers in parenthesis correspond to the number of patients in each category