Table 4.

Match of tabooed food and perceived consequences among pregnant women at Haramaya HDSS, July 2020.

	To ease birth process	The belief of harming the baby	Cultural prohibition	Culturally prohibition	Fear of miscarriage	Fear of being fatty	Fear of fetal deformities	Fear of preeclampsia	Fear of prolonged labor	Fear of violating social culture	Make big baby and difficult for delivery	Plastered on fetal head	Total
Banana	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	2	0	0	2
Cabbage	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	4	0	25	0	0	29
Cabbage	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	1
Chickpea	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	1
Coffee	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	2	0	0	0	0	4
Egg	2	1	3	1	0	55	4	7	0	41	0	1	115
Egg, fruit	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	1
Fatty meat	1	0	2	0	1	0	1	1	0	7	1	0	14
Fish	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	2	0	0	2
Fruit	2	0	0	0	0	0	1	9	0	67	1	0	80
Fruits (mango, banana, and papaya)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	2	0	16	0	0	9
Honey	0	0	0	1	0	0	11	6	0	1	0	0	19
Lentil	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	1
Meat	1	0	3	2	0	5	65	7	0	67	1	1	152
Milk	0	1	4	2	0	0	5	0	0	13	0	0	25
Oil	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	2
Onion	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	1
Papaya	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1
Porridge	2	0	0	1	0	0	11	21	0	7	0	1	43
Potato	1	0	1	0	0	0	8	4	0	5	1	1	21
Pumpkin	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	3	0	3	0	0	6
Salt	2	0	2	1	0	0	21	29	1	7	1	0	64
Sugarcane	0	0	0	0	0	0	12	11	0	6	0	0	29
Vegetables	0	0	1	1	0	2	2	0	0	8	0	0	14
Yogurt	2	0	2	0	0	0	0	1	0	3	0	0	8

Multiple responses were possible. Different colors are given to indicate the match between food items with different reasons for food taboos during pregnancy, and label with numbers to show frequencies. Zero “0” is given for no-responses and shaded with same color.