Table 2.
Influence of demographic and work environment on sleep disturbance (N = 1790)
| Variables | Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR | 95% CI | OR | 95% CI | OR | 95% CI | |
| Demographic characteristics | ||||||
| Age | 1.01 | 1.00–1.03 | 1.01 | 1.00–1.03 | 1.01 | 0.99–1.02 |
| Gender | ||||||
| Male | ref | ref | ref | |||
| Female | 1.18 | 0.79–1.77 | 1.34 | 0.90–2.10 | 1.16 | 0.74–1.81 |
| Monthly income (USD) | ||||||
| ≤ 1300 | ref | ref | ref | |||
| 1300 ~ 2500 | 0.83 | 0.46–1.49 | 0.83 | 0.45–1.52 | 0.79 | 0.42–1.47 |
| 2500 ~ 4000 | 0.49 | 0.24–1.01 | 0.52 | 0.25–1.08 | 0.52 | 0.24–1.12 |
| ≥ 4000 | 0.60 | 0.28–1.30 | 0.66 | 0.30–1.47 | 0.76 | 0.33–1.75 |
| Education | ||||||
| Middle school | ref | ref | ref | |||
| High school | 2.95* | 1.13–8.26 | 3.17* | 1.13–8.90 | 2.40 | 0.84–6.83 |
| College or more | 3.00* | 1.12–8.88 | 3.32* | 1.12–9.81 | 2.47 | 0.81–7.52 |
| Working time characteristics | ||||||
| Shift type | ||||||
| Split shifts | ref | ref | ||||
| Fixed shifts | 1.23 | 0.70–2.16 | 1.54 | 0.85–2.80 | ||
| Rotating shifts | 0.88 | 0.54–1.43 | 0.92 | 0.56–1.52 | ||
| Frequency of night-shift (per month) | 0.99 | 0.96–1.03 | 0.98 | 0.94–1.02 | ||
| Extended work | ||||||
| No | ref | ref | ||||
| Yes | 1.60* | 1.11–2.31 | 1.53* | 1.05–2.23 | ||
| Work characteristics | ||||||
| Physical work demands | 1.01 | 0.99–1.02 | ||||
| Workload | 1.01* | 1.01–1.03 | ||||
| Emotional work demands | 1.03* | 1.02–1.05 | ||||
| Social support | 1.01 | 0.99–1.01 | ||||
| Communication | 0.99 | 0.97–1.00 | ||||
OR odds ratio, 95% CI 95% confidence interval
*p < .05, †Adjusted for gender, age, education, and income level as covariates