Table 1.

Comparisons of 2D-phase contrast and 4D flow MRI

	2D	4D
Acquisition time	short (10–30 s)	long (5–15 min)
Respiratory condition	breath holding	free breathing＊
Target vessel	single	multiple
Wall shear stress, energy loss	N/A	available
Retrospective quantification of cross section	N/A	available
Post hoc time-resolved three-dimensional visualization	N/A	available

＊ in general, with navigator. N/A, not available.