Table 1.

Serum copper and zinc levels among vitiligo patients

Group	Cu (μg/dl) Median	Cu (μg/dl) Mean ± SD	Pa	Pb	Zn (μg/ dl) Median	Zn (μg/dl) Mean ± SD	Pa	Pb	[Cu]/[Zn]	Pa	Pb
Cases (N) Total (117)	103.41	113.57 ± 59.43	0.000		76.17	95.01 ± 58.95	0.00		1.81 ± 1.90	0.488
Age
<50 Y (68)	95.07	107.12 ± 61.18	0.000	0.003	72.01	82.47 ± 47.40	0.00	0.000	1.96 ± 2.09	0.018	0.406
≥50 Y (49 )	128.67	122.53 ± 56.30	0.050		101.06	114.37 ± 67.27	0.535		1.64 ± 1.67	0.161
Sex
Male (48)	108.94	114.65 ± 63.88	0.015	0.992	76.34	99.12 ± 62.10	0.000	0.429	1.67 ± 1.48	0.011	0.559
Female (69)	110.68	112.95 ± 56.32	0.00		75.09	92.25 ± 56.83	0.000		1.90 ± 2.15	0.087
Controls, (N)
Total (137)	138.58	138.90 ± 38.14			118.42	121.83 ± 33.80			1.28 ± 0.56
Age
<50 Y (71)	138.97	143.82 ± 30.73		0.338	122.14	124.80 ± 33.05		0.321	1.24 ± 0.43		0.001
≥50 Y (66 )	138.74	138.70 ± 31.59			117.02	118.84 ± 34.59			1.32 ± 0.66
Sex
Male (62)	137.08	135.46 ± 25.13		0.044	126.10	126.87 ± 29.28		0.113	1.14 ± 0.3		0.008
Female (75)	142.38	146.22 ± 34.76			111.40	112.53 ± 33.78			1.39 ± 0.69

Cu = copper; SD = standard deviation; Y = years; Zn = zinc.

^avalues for case–control comparisons from Kruskal–Wallis or Mann–Whitney U test where appropriate

^bvalues for case–case or control-control comparisons from Kruskal–Wallis or Mann–Whitney U test where appropriate