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. 2022 Jun 15;111(12):1336–1347. doi: 10.1007/s00392-022-02046-7

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 3 — EOA, EOAi, DVI and Mean Gradient by Quintiles of Native Aortic Annulus Area (Central Illustration) EOA, EOAi are generally higher in SE compared to BE devices among the first four quintiles (p < 0.001). Differences between valve types are less pronounced in the largest quintile but still reach statistical significance (p = 0.034, p = 0.017 for EOA, EOAi). DVI is higher with SE compared to BE devices (p < 0.001), while MG (p < 0.001) are lower among all annular dimensions. (DVI doppler velocity index, EOA effective orifice area, EOAi effective orifice area index, MG mean gradient) (**p < 0.001, *p < 0.05)