Table III.
Early versus late versus control cohort demographics and comorbidities
| Tracheostomy days 0–10 after intubation (early) (N = 150) |
Tracheostomy days 11+ after intubation (late) (N = 245) |
Endotracheal intubation only (N = 5,516) | P values | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, y | ||||
| 18–44 | 10.0% | 8.6% | 9.2% | .89 |
| 45–54 | 17.3% | 18.8% | 13.2% | .02 |
| 55–64 | 24.0% | 30.2% | 22.3% | .01 |
| 65–74 | 29.3% | 28.6% | 27.9% | .90 |
| 75–84 | 16.0% | 12.2% | 20.4% | .004 |
| ≥85 | 3.3% | 1.6% | 7.0% | .001 |
| Age, y (mean) | 62.5 (±13.5) | 61.5 (±12.2) | 64.9 (±14.4) | .0002 |
| Age, y (median) | 64 | 62 | 66 | |
| Age, y (mode) | 55 | 63 | 71 | |
| Sex | ||||
| Male | 53.3% | 58.0% | 59.9% | .24 |
| Female | 46.7% | 42.0% | 40.1% | .24 |
| Race | ||||
| White | 54.7% | 47.8% | 49.9% | .40 |
| Black | 19.3% | 14.3% | 20.7% | .05 |
| Asian | 3.3% | 6.5% | 2.9% | .01 |
| Other | 16.0% | 28.2% | 23.2% | .02 |
| Unknown | 6.7% | 3.3% | 3.3% | .08 |
| Insurance | ||||
| Blue Cross/Cost | 6.0% | 3.3% | 2.5% | .02 |
| Commercial | 13.3% | 20.8% | 12.4% | .001 |
| Government | 8.0% | 7.4% | 11.9% | .03 |
| Medicaid | 14.0% | 15.9% | 10.4% | .01 |
| Medicare | 54.0% | 47.4% | 56.9% | .01 |
| Other | 4.0% | 4.1% | 4.6% | .88 |
| Self-pay | 0.7% | 0.4% | 0.9% | .67 |
| Worker’s comp. | 0.0% | 0.8% | 0.4% | .44 |
| Hospital disposition | ||||
| Home | 4.0% | 2.0% | 9.2% | <.0001 |
| Home under care | 2.0% | 3.3% | 4.4% | .25 |
| Inpatient rehab facility (IRF) | 6.0% | 8.6% | 3.9% | .001 |
| Long-term acute care hospital (LTACH) | 24.7% | 39.6% | 3.8% | <.0001 |
| Short-term general hospital | 4.0% | 2.0% | 6.1% | .02 |
| Skilled nursing facility (SNF) | 2.7% | 3.7% | 5.1% | .25 |
| Expired | 44.7% | 33.1% | 54.4% | <.0001 |
| Hospice | 12.0% | 7.4% | 11.8% | .1 |
| Others | 0.0% | 0.4% | 1.2% | .22 |
| Comorbidities | ||||
| Coronary artery disease (CAD) I25.10 | 20.0% | 16.3% | 22.2% | .08 |
| Congestive heart failure (CHF) I50 | 28.7% | 24.1% | 25.7% | .60 |
| Malignant neoplasm C80.1 | 0.7% | 0.0% | 0.2% | .27 |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) J44.9 | 0.7% | 3.7% | 2.0% | .1 |
| Asthma J45 | 6.7% | 8.2% | 6.7% | .66 |
| History of stroke (CVA) I63.9 | 1.3% | 2.5% | 1.3% | .35 |
| Alzheimer’s disease G30.9 | 0.0% | 0.4% | 1.3% | .19 |
| Diabetes E11.9 | 16.7% | 13.1% | 14.0% | .58 |
| Chronic kidney disease (CKD) N18.9 | 10.7% | 10.6% | 10.0% | .91 |
| Cannabis use F12.90 | 1.3% | 0.4% | 0.6% | .50 |
| Alcohol abuse F10.1 | 2.0% | 1.6% | 1.7% | .95 |
| Obesity (BMI >30) E66.9 | 27.3% | 29.4% | 22.1% | .01 |
| Tobacco smoker F17.200 | 2.7% | 4.5% | 4.6% | .54 |
BMI, body mass index.