Table 2.
Baseline characteristics of participants by kidney stones in NHANES 2007–2014.
| History of kidney stones (n = 21,914) | History of stones recurrence (n = 1,929) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No | Yes | P-value | No | Yes | P-value | |
| Number | 19,985 | 1,929 | 1,289 | 640 | ||
| Age, years | 48.7 ± 0.1 | 56.0 ± 0.4 | <0.001 | 56.1 ± 0.5 | 55.7 ± 0.6 | 0.633 |
| Gender, n (%) | <0.001 | 0.016 | ||||
| Male | 9,563 (47.9%) | 1,068 (55.4%) | 689 (53.5%) | 379 (59.2%) | ||
| Female | 10,422 (52.1%) | 861 (44.6%) | 600 (46.5%) | 261 (40.8%) | ||
| Race, n (%) | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||||
| Mexican American | 2,981 (14.9%) | 244 (12.6%) | 181 (14.0%) | 63 (9.8%) | ||
| Other Hispanic | 1,993 (10.0%) | 206 (10.7%) | 123 (9.5%) | 83 (13.0%) | ||
| Non-Hispanic White | 8,514 (42.6%) | 1,104 (57.2%) | 693 (53.8%) | 411 (64.2%) | ||
| Non-Hispanic Black | 4,430 (22.2%) | 249 (12.9%) | 198 (15.4%) | 51 (8.0%) | ||
| Other race | 2,067 (10.3%) | 126 (6.5%) | 94 (7.3%) | 32 (5.0%) | ||
| Ratio of family income to poverty, n (%) | 0.542 | 0.586 | ||||
| <1.3 | 6,191 (31.0%) | 598 (31.0%) | 402 (31.2%) | 196 (30.6%) | ||
| 1.3–3.5 | 6,633 (33.2%) | 668 (34.6%) | 434 (33.7%) | 234 (36.6%) | ||
| Over 3.5 | 5,536 (27.7%) | 512 (26.5%) | 352 (27.3%) | 160 (25.0%) | ||
| Missing | 1,625 (8.1%) | 151 (7.8%) | 101 (7.8%) | 50 (7.8%) | ||
| Education level, n (%) | 0.214 | 0.542 | ||||
| Less than high school | 5,211 (26.1%) | 519 (26.9%) | 356 (27.6%) | 163 (25.5%) | ||
| High school | 4,532 (22.7%) | 465 (24.1%) | 301 (23.4%) | 164 (25.6%) | ||
| Above high school | 10,217 (51.1%) | 944 (48.9%) | 631 (49.0%) | 313 (48.9%) | ||
| Missing | 25 (0.1%) | 1 (0.1%) | 1 (0.1%) | 0 (0.0%) | ||
| Marital status, n (%) | <0.001 | 0.129 | ||||
| Married or living with a partner | 11,613 (58.1%) | 1,232 (63.9%) | 804 (62.4%) | 428 (66.9%) | ||
| Living alone | 8,362 (41.8%) | 695 (36.0%) | 484 (37.5%) | 211 (33.0%) | ||
| Missing | 10 (0.1%) | 2 (0.1%) | 1 (0.1%) | 1 (0.2%) | ||
| BMI, kg/m2 | 28.8 ± 0.05 | 30.3 ± 0.15 | <0.001 | 30.2 ± 0.19 | 30.5 ± 0.27 | 0.258 |
| Smoking, n (%) | <0.001 | 0.100 | ||||
| Non-smoker | 11,114 (55.6%) | 957 (49.6%) | 660 (51.2%) | 297 (46.4%) | ||
| Former smoker | 4,577 (22.9%) | 592 (30.7%) | 389 (30.2%) | 203 (31.7%) | ||
| Current smoker | 4,294 (21.5%) | 380 (19.7%) | 240 (18.6%) | 140 (21.9%) | ||
| Physical activity status, n (%) | <0.001 | 0.729 | ||||
| Active | 9,448 (47.3%) | 752 (39.0%) | 506 (39.3%) | 246 (38.4%) | ||
| Inactive | 10,537 (52.7%) | 1,177 (61.0%) | 783 (60.7%) | 394 (61.6%) | ||
| History of diabetes, n (%) | <0.001 | 0.698 | ||||
| Yes | 2,347 (11.7%) | 430 (22.3%) | 284 (22.0%) | 146 (22.8%) | ||
| No | 17,638 (88.3%) | 1,499 (77.7%) | 1,005 (78.0%) | 494 (77.2%) | ||
| Serum uric acid, mg/dl | 5.4 ± 0.01 | 5.7 ± 0.03 | <0.001 | 5.7 ± 0.04 | 5.7 ± 0.04 | 0.789 |
| Sugar intake, gm | 114.2 ± 0.6 | 115.9 ± 1.9 | 0.380 | 112.5 ± 2.2 | 122.7 ± 3.5 | 0.012 |
| Water intake, gm | 1037.5 ± 8.1 | 956.1 ± 24.5 | 0.004 | 936.7 ± 29.9 | 994.9 ± 42.6 | 0.276 |
| Vitamin B6 intake, gm | 2.1 ± 0.01 | 2.0 ± 0.03 | 0.029 | 2.0 ± 0.04 | 1.9 ± 0.05 | 0.423 |
BMI, body mass index.
The values are presented as weighted means ± SE or unweighted counts (weighted %).