Table 2.
Baseline variables retained in elastic net models predicting outcomes for each conditiona.
| Predictors | Healthy Minds Program model, coefficient | Control model, coefficient | |
| Age (years) | —b | — | |
| Gender | — | — | |
| Race | — | — | |
| Marital status | — | −0.006 | |
| Income | — | — | |
| PROMISc | |||
|
|
Depression | −0.012 | −0.005 |
|
|
Anxiety | — | −0.007 |
| Perceived Stress Scale | −0.003 | −0.006 | |
| Distressd (composite) | −0.011 | −0.008 | |
| Perseverative Thinking Questionnaire | — | 0.012 | |
| Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire—Acting with Awareness Subscale | — | — | |
| National Institutes of Health Toolbox Loneliness | — | −0.002 | |
| Drexel Defusion Scale | — | −0.011 | |
| MLQe | |||
|
|
Presence | — | −0.008 |
|
|
Search for meaning | — | — |
| World Health Organization well-being | — | — | |
| Self-Compassion Scale | — | −0.002 | |
aThe larger set of baseline predictors retained in the elastic net regularized regression model applied to the control participants relative to the Healthy Minds Program (HMP) group was because the best-fitting model in the former group had a lower α value (ie, closer to ridge than lasso regression) relative to the HMP group. Negative parameter estimates indicate that higher scores on the predictor variable are associated with better outcomes (ie, reductions in distress).
bVariables that were not retained in the elastic net model.
cPROMIS: Patient-Reported Outcomes Information System.
dDistress: composite of PROMIS Depression, PROMIS Anxiety, and Perceived Stress Scale.
eMLQ: Meaning in Life Questionnaire.