Table 4.

Regression of VRS technical inefficiency scores against exploratory variables

Variables	Coefficient	Std. Err.	Z	P-value	95% CI
					Lower limit	Upper limit
Model 2 (VRSTE)
Catchment population (ref: "≤100,000")
100 001–200 000	0.309614	0.131143	2.36	0.028*	0.03764	0.581588
> 200 000	− 0.099347	0.140021	0.71	0.485	− 0.19104	0.389733
Level of facility (ref: Small "50–150 beds")
Medium (150–300 beds)	− 0.01381	0.136055	− 0.10	0.920	− 0.29597	0.268352
Large (300–600 beds)	− 0.11933	0.181451	− 0.66	0.518	− 0.49564	0.256976
Location	− 0.07142	0.180832	− 0.39	0.697	− 0.44645	0.3036
Outpatient/doctor	0.000267	0.00016	1.67	0.108	− 6.4E−05	0.000599
Inpatient/doctor	− 0.00095	0.000372	− 2.54	0.019*	− 0.00172	− 0.00017
Ratio of beds to doctor	0.108536	0.064882	1.67	0.109	− 0.02602	0.243092
Outpatient/nurse	− 0.01254	0.00674	− 1.86	0.076	− 0.02652	0.00144
Inpatient/nurse	0.018188	0.008614	2.11	0.046*	0.000325	0.036052
Ratio of beds to nurse	− 1.68278	1.768888	− 0.95	0.352	− 5.35123	1.985666
Average length of stay	0.030973	0.035937	0.86	0.398	− 0.04356	0.105502
Inpatient bed utilization rate	0.000633	0.003667	0.17	0.865	− 0.00697	0.008238
Outpatient/inpatient days	0.684321	0.719553	0.95	0.352	− 0.80794	2.176581
Exp. per PDE	− 0.00018	0.000132	− 1.35	0.190	− 0.00045	0.000095
OPD not referred	− 6.36E−06	5.28E−06	− 1.2	0.241	− 1.7E−05	4.59E−06
Cons.	0.592859	1.129556	0.52	0.605	− 1.7497	2.935415
Sigma	0.029257	0.011305			0.013128	0.065201
Number of observations = 38
Log likelihood = − 1.0199
Chi-square (χ2) = 46.18
P-value = 0.0001

*significant at P < 0.05