Table 2.
COVID-19 cases in validation cohort.
| Hospitalized COVID-19 cases | Mild convalescent clinic | Total | Statistical comparison$ | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number of individuals | 96 | 86 | 182 | – |
| Sampling dates | March – July 2020 | May – August 2020 | March – August 2020 | – |
| Method of COVID-19 diagnosis, n (%) | <0.0001 | |||
| PCR-confirmed | 71 (74) | 86 (100) | 159 (87.4) | |
| Clinically Suspected | 25 (26) | 0 (0) | 23 (12.6) | |
| Age (at baseline) | ||||
| Median years (range) | 59 (19-89) | 41.7 (18.4-68.8) | 52 (18.4-89) | <0.0001 |
| Unknown, n (%) | 0 (0) | 2 (2.3) | 2 (11.0) | – |
| Female, number (%) | 38 (40.4) | 69 (80.2) | 107 (58.8) | <0.0001 |
| Time since symptom onset (OR PCR+ test*), days, median (range) | 78 (0-126) | 48 (11-122) | 58.5 (0-133) | 0.6881 |
| Severity of infection, n (%) | <0.0001 | |||
| Asymptomatic | 0 (0) | 6 (16.7) | 6 (3.3) | |
| Mild (Symptomatic, not hospitalized) | 0 (0) | 77 (89.5) | 77 (42.3) | |
| Moderate (Hospitalized, no ventilatory support) | 14 (14.6) | 3 (3.5) | 17 (9.3) | |
| Severe (Hospitalized, required ventilatory support/high care) | 76 (79.2) | 0 (0) | 76 (41.8) | |
| Died | 6 (6.3) | 0 (0) | 6 (3.3) | |
| Repeat Samples | 0.0112 | |||
| Total samples, n | 127 | 95 | 222 | |
| Baseline, n (% of total samples) | 96 (75.6) | 86 (90.5) | 182 (82.0) | |
| Repeat 1, n (% of total samples) | 30 (23.6) | 9 (9.5) | 39 (17.6) | |
| Repeat 2, n (% of total samples) | 1 (0.8) | 0 (0) | 1 (0.5) | |
| Period post infection, n samples (% of total samples) | <0.0001 | |||
| Acute (0–3 weeks) | 43 (33.9) | 4 (4.2) | 47 (25.8) | |
| Early convalescent (3–12 weeks) | 27 (21.3) | 78 (82.1) | 105 (57.7) | |
| Late convalescent (>12 weeks) | 57 (44.9) | 12 (12.6) | 70 (38.5) | |
*Where cases were asymptomatic, time since PCR test was used for this variable.
Clinical and demographic features relating to the n = 182 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 whose samples (n = 222) were included to assess sensitivity of the screening assays. Individuals were recruited via two main routes – either as part of secondary care in hospital, or community cases invited to a convalescent clinic at least 14 days after symptom onset. Percentages are from total of individuals unless otherwise stated. $The clinical and demographic features of the two groups were compared (either using a Fisher’s exact or Chi-Squared test for categorical data, or the Mann-Whitney U test for numerical data); and the p values are reported in the final column.