Summary of findings 2. Subgroup analyses: early versus standard initiation of kidney replacement therapy (KRT) in patients with acute kidney injury (AKI).
| Early versus standard initiation of KRT in patients with AKI | |||||
| Patient or population: AKI Setting: intensive care unit Intervention: early initiation Comparison: standard initiation | |||||
| Outcomes | Anticipated absolute effects* (95% CI) | Relative effect (95% CI) | No. of participants (RCTs) | Certainty of the evidence (GRADE) | |
| Risk with standard initiation | Risk difference with early initiation | ||||
| Death by AKI aetiology: non‐surgical causes | 383 per 1000 | 4 more per 1000 (23 fewer to 34 more) | RR 1.01 (0.94 to 1.09) | 4461 (9) | ⊕⊕⊕⊝ Moderate 2 |
| Death by AKI aetiology: surgical causes | 408 per 1000 | 143 fewer per 1000 (282 fewer to 147 more) | RR 0.65 (0.31 to 1.36) | 365 (3) | ⊕⊕⊝⊝ Low 1 2 |
| Kidney recovery functionby KRT: continuous KRT | 355 per 1000 | 149 more per 1000 (4 fewer to 365 more) | RR 1.42 (0.99 to 2.03) | 583 (6) | ⊕⊕⊕⊝ Moderate2 |
| Kidney recovery functionby KRT: continuous and intermittent KRT | 520 per 1000 | 21 fewer per 1000 (47 fewer to 10 more) | RR 0.96 (0.91 to 1.02) | 4134 (4) | ⊕⊕⊕⊝ Moderate 1 |
| *The risk in the intervention group (and its 95% confidence interval) is based on the assumed risk in the comparison group and the relative effect of the intervention (and its 95% CI). CI: confidence interval; RR: risk ratio; KRT: kidney replacement therapy | |||||
| GRADE Working Group grades of evidence High certainty: we are very confident that the true effect lies close to that of the estimate of the effect. Moderate certainty: we are moderately confident in the effect estimate: the true effect is likely to be close to the estimate of the effect, but there is a possibility that it is substantially different. Low certainty: our confidence in the effect estimate is limited: the true effect may be substantially different from the estimate of the effect. Very low certainty: we have very little confidence in the effect estimate: the true effect is likely to be substantially different from the estimate of effect. | |||||
1 Imprecision: due to the CI crossed the threshold for clinically meaningful effects
2 Inconsistency: due to heterogeneity