Table 2.

Ordinary Least Squares Regression Coefficients for the Associations Between Life Course Statuses and Sibling Relationship Quality During Early Adulthood (Aged 18–26) (N = 1,366).

	Visits		Phone Calls or Emails		Help-Seeking		Fights		Emotional Closeness
	b	SE	b	SE	b	SE	b	SE	b	SE
Life course status
Educationg
R < high school	−.055	.073	−.227	.083**	−.096	.117	.041	.070	−.285	.072**
R some college	.211	.058**	.097	.057	−.008	.065	−.086	.069	.168	.048***
R in college	−.011	.050	.249	.052***	.094	.064	−.116	.067	.098	.059
R bachelor’s or higher	−.074	.074	.541	.055***	.322	.081***	−.041	.100	.110	.069
Education status similaritiesa
R higher	.031	.067	−.024	.048	.043	.063	−.027	.070	.083	.059
R lower	.021	.053	.133	.063	.140	.058*	−.092	.062	.141	.049**
Employmentg
R employed, part-time	−.086	.053	−.059	.055	.056	.067	−.139	.056*	−.084	.051
R employed, full-time	−.054	.064	.206	.060**	−.082	.092	.137	.064*	−.249	.074**
Employment status similaritiesa
R works more	−.096	.061	−.174	.058**	−.099	.072	−.174	.062*	.022	.077
R works less	−.034	.062	.098	.062	−.236	.084*	.069	.063	−.200	.083*
Romantic partnershipg
R partnered, S same	−.103	.049*	−.027	.042	−.112	.064	−.396	.070***	−.022	.055
R partnered, S single	−.118	.032***	−.119	.036**a	−.173	.057**	−.355	.054***	−.014	.038
R single, S partnered	−.009	.032ae	.103	.032**bf	−.024	.053d	−.392	.050***	−.073	.046
Parenthoodg
R w/children, S same	.106	.073	−.055	.073	−.246	.096*	−.126	.070	.027	.067
R w/children, S w/o children	.094	.050	−.105	.061	−.214	.074*	−.116	.071	−.084	.080
R w/o children, S w/children	.171	.063*d	.097	.056f	−.032	.075cd	.096	.061cd	.221	.053***be
Controlsg
Half-sibling	−.129	.071	−.018	.057	−.134	.094	−.062	.071	−.023	.097
Step-sibling	−1.002	.034***	−.631	.057***	−.978	.053***	−.452	.061***	−.996	.070**
Twins	−.052	.071	.164	.088	.404	.102**	.112	.100	.087	.089
Age gap between siblings	.023	.009*	−.007	.019	−.007	.017	−.023	.013	−.023	.021
Brother–brother	−.120	.048*	−.376	.054***	−.620	.062***	−.369	.062***	−.059	.049
Brother–sister	−.214	.056**	−.406	.046***	−.612	.067***	−.428	.055***	−.178	.072*
Sister–brother	−.176	.050***	−.556	.047***	−.657	.059***	−.117	.064	−.377	.066***
Living more than one hour apart	−1.477	.029***	.028	.038	−.204	.048***	−.240	.031***	−.059	.038
R’s age	−.045	.012***	−.023	.011*	−.031	.019	−.042	.017*	.007	.015
Black	.081	.046	−.057	.050	−.115	.054*	−.043	.044	.058	.064
Hispanic	−.021	.058	−.025	.049	.104	.067	.215	.074**	.206	.053***
Other race	−.091	.026***	.020	.031	.321	.045***	.044	.038	.021	.038
Sibling relationship in adolescence
Emotional closeness	.049	.021*	.062	.018**	.149	.025***	.026	.019	.189	.022***
Frequency of fights	−.018	.016	.008	.018	.031	.022	−.190	.016***	.070	.017***
Frequency of time together	.070	.021**	.082	.024**	.280	.034***	−.051	.028	.193	.033***
Younger	−.269	.049***	−.143	.044**	.144	.073	−.176	.058*	.032	.062
Same age (non-twins)	.167	.100	−.300	.118**	−.313	.139	−.021	.139	−.176	.161
Intercept	3.861	.271***	1.861	.270**	1.623	.397***	3.433	.392***	1.604	.302***
R 2	.521***		.189***		.240***		.171***		.210***

Notes.

^*p < .05;

^**p < .01;

^***p < .001.

Differences from “R partnered & S partnered” or “R with children & S with children” are significant at

^ap < .05,

^bp < .01, and

^cp < .001.

Differences from “R partnered & S unpartnered” or “R with children & S without children” are significant at

^dp < .05,

^ep < .01, and

^fp < .001.

“R” stands for respondents; “S” stands for siblings.

^gOmitted reference categories are: R high school diploma, R & S had same education levels, R non-employed, R & S had same employment statuses, R single & S same, R non-parents & S same, full sibling, sister–sister, living within one hour apart, White, and older.