Table 2.
Main, Subgroup, and Sensitivity Analysis of VA/SCD Risk in Sulfonylurea Over Metformin Users
| Sulfonylurea vs metformin | HR (95% CI) | Metformin users | Sulfonylurea users | E‐value (HR) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cohort size | Number of events | Follow‐up person‐years/incidence per 1000 person‐years (95% CI) | Cohort size | Number of events | Follow‐up person‐years/incidence per 1000 person‐years (95% CI) | |||
| Overall | 1.90 (1.73–2.08) | 16 596 | 711 | 81 682/8.70 (8.08–9.37) | 16 596 | 1328 | 81 777/16.24 (15.38–17.14) | 3.21 |
| Without history of valvular heart disease/cardiomyopathy | 1.97 (1.79–2.17) | 15 426 | 619 | 75 837/8.16 (7.53–8.83) | 14 992 | 1163 | 74 071/15.70 (14.81–16.63) | 3.35 |
| Without history of heart failure | 1.94 (1.76–2.14) | 15 801 | 620 | 77 605/7.99 (7.37–8.64) | 15 337 | 1148 | 77 688/14.78 (13.93–15.66) | 3.29 |
| Insulin use | ||||||||
| Insulin users only | 1.82 (1.52–2.18) | 2429 | 181 | 12 021/15.06 (12.94–17.42) | 2501 | 333 | 12 329/27.01 (24.19–30.07) | 3.04 |
| Without insulin use | 1.92 (1.73–2.13) | 14 167 | 530 | 69 660/7.61 (6.97–8.28) | 14 095 | 995 | 69 448/14.33 (13.45–15.25) | 3.25 |
| Coronary heart disease | ||||||||
| Without coronary heart disease | 1.95 (1.76–2.16) | 14 408 | 571 | 70 602/8.09 (7.44–8.80) | 14 067 | 1069 | 69 078/15.47 (14.56–16.43) | 3.31 |
| With coronary heart disease only | 1.64 (1.34–2.02) | 2188 | 140 | 11 080/12.64 (10.63–14.91) | 2529 | 259 | 12 699/20.40 (17.99–23.04) | 2.67 |
A large E‐value implies that any unmeasured confounder must be strong to explain away the effect of sulfonylurea over metformin use in the risk of developing VA/SCD. HR indicates hazard ratio; and VA/SCD, ventricular arrhythmia or sudden cardiac death.