Table 1.

Some important points in the assessment of traditional probiotics and NGPs.

Traditional probiotics	NGPs
Mostly derived from gut, breast milk, and fermented foods; anaerobe	Identified from comparison results between healthy volunteer; obligately anaerobe
MRS, M17, YPD is a commonly used rich medium for traditional probiotics cultivation	The culture media most used for cultivation of NGPs with success were new media and modified procedures
Usually considered safe at the strain level by the US FDA, or qualified safety hypothesis (QPS) at the species level by EFSA	Strict security and regulations are needed. Their beneficial properties, antibiotic resistance profiling, history of safe use (if available), publication of the genomic sequence, toxicological studies in agreement with novel food regulations, and the qualified presumptions of safety should be evaluated
For general subhealthy people	The function of individual strains may be different for specific diseases
As food or food supplements	Included in LBP's food additive category