Table 5.
Total effects of genetic, sociodemographic, and psychological parameters and diet on metabolic syndrome among obese adults using SEM.
| Model 3 | Total | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Standardized estimate∗ | SE | P value | |
| GI ⟶ MetS | -0.002 | 0.002 | 0.117 |
| GL ⟶ MetS | 0.000 | 0.001 | 0.449 |
| MC4R ⟶ MetS | 0.010 | 0.005 | 0.023 |
| Age ⟶ MetS | 0.053 | 0.018 | ≤0.01 |
| Sex ⟶ MetS | -0.605 | 0.268 | 0.012 |
| Sex⟶ GL | -27.368 | 12.681 | 0.015 |
| Age ⟶ GL | -0.073 | 0.721 | 0.459 |
| PA ⟶ GL | -0.841 | 7.187 | 0.453 |
| SES ⟶ GL | -0.600 | 2.462 | 0.403 |
| Stress ⟶ GL | 0.062 | 0.606 | 0.459 |
| Appetite ⟶ GL | 1.178 | 0.562 | 0.018 |
| MC4R ⟶ GL | -1.235 | 0.188 | ≤0.01 |
| Sex ⟶ GI | -1.391 | 9.004 | 0.433 |
| Age ⟶ GI | -0.478 | 0.527 | 0.382 |
| PA ⟶ GI | -1.089 | 7.271 | 0.440 |
| SES ⟶ GI | -0.287 | 1.833 | 0.438 |
| Stress ⟶ GI | 0.310 | 0.451 | 0.246 |
| Appetite ⟶ GI | 0.772 | 0.478 | 0.053 |
| MC4R ⟶ GI | 1.577 | 0.173 | ≤0.01 |
Abbreviations: GI: glycemic index; GL: glycemic load; SES: socioeconomic status; MetS: metabolic syndrome; PA: physical activity; MC4R: melanocortin-4 receptor; SE: standard error of the estimate. ∗Standardized path coefficients £Total effect is defined as the sum of direct and indirect effects.