TABLE 1.
Characteristics of the included studies.
| Author/Study ID | No. | Treatment (injection) | US. | Injection site | Anesthetic | Age (SD) | Sex (M/F) | Follow-up (weeks) | Funding |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chen 2021/NCT03184688 | 24 | G1: PRP a | Yes | Inlet of the carpal tunnel (scaphoid-pisiform level) | No | 53.0 (2.0) | 3/21 | 12 | None |
| 24 | G2: Placebo | 53.0 (2.0) | 3/21 | 12 | |||||
| Forogh 2021/IRCT20151017024572N5 | 20 | G1: Triamcinolone 40 mg | Yes | N/A | 1 ml lidocaine | 53.7 (9.3) | N/A | 12 | Iran University of Medical Sciences |
| 20 | G2: Single ozone (O2-O3) | 54.7 (6.6) | N/A | 12 | |||||
| Hsu 2020/NCT03072290 | 28 | G1: Triamcinolone 40 mg | Yes | Inlet of the carpal tunnel (scaphoid-pisiform level) | 1 ml lidocaine | 57.1 (1.9) | 7/21 | 12 | Taipei Veterans General Hospital |
| 28 | G2: Triamcinolone 20 mg | 54.5 (1.4) | 6/22 | 12 | |||||
| Boonhong 2019/RA 57/114 | 17 | G1: Piroxicam 20 mg | Yes | Skin at the carpal tunnel area on the palm side of the hand | No | 52.1 (9.8) | 1/16 | 4 | King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital |
| 17 | G2: Dexamethasone sodium phosphate 60 mg | 51.4 (10.6) | 0/17 | 4 | |||||
| 16 | G3: Placebo | 51.1 (11.6) | 1/15 | 4 | |||||
| Güven 2019/E‐14‐267 | 20 | G1: PRP | Yes | Inlet of the carpal tunnel | No | 47.5 (15.5) | 1/17 | 4 | None |
| 20 | G2: Placebo | 50.0 (6.0) | 1/11 | 4 | |||||
| Senna 2019/NCT03863873 | 43 | G1: PRP | Yes | Inlet of the carpal tunnel | No | 38.3 (6.4) | 8/35 | 12 | None |
| 42 | G2: Methylprednisolone 40 mg | 40.7 (9.4) | 6/36 | 12 | |||||
| Shen 2019/NCT02696161 | 26 | G1: PRP (3 cc) | Yes | Inlet of the proximal carpal tunnel (scaphoid-pisiform level) | No | 56.8 (1.7) | 1/25 | 12 | None |
| 26 | G2: 5% dextrose | 58.5 (2.1) | 4/22 | 12 | |||||
| Raeissadat 2018/IRCT2017041513442N13 | 21 | G1: PRP (1 cc) | No | Distal carpal skin crease ulnar side to the palmaris longus tendon | 0.5 ml lidocaine | 51.2 (9.8) | 0/21 | 10 | Clinical development research center of Shahid Modarres hospital |
| 20 | G2: Placebo | 47.2 (7.2) | 0/20 | 10 | |||||
| Wu 2018/NCT02990962 | 27 | G1: 5% dextrose | Yes | Inlet of the carpal tunnel (scaphoid-pisiform level) | No | 58.6 (2.2) | 5/22 | 12 | Tri-Service General Hospital |
| 27 | G2: Triamcinolone 30 mg | 54.3 (2.0) | 6/21 | 12 | |||||
| Raeissadat 2017/N/A | 39 | G1: Triamcinolone 20 mg | No | 1 cm proximal to wrist crease between the tendons of palmaris longus and flexor carpi radialis | 0.5 ml lidocaine | 51.0 (8.9) | 0/39 | 10 | None |
| 39 | G2: Hydroxy progesterone | 47.0 (7.8) | 0/39 | 10 | |||||
| Uzun 2017/N/A | 20 | G1: PRP (1 cc) | No | 1 cm proximal to the distal wrist crease, ulnar side of the palmaris longus tendon | No | N/A | N/A | 12 | None |
| 20 | G2: Triamcinolone 40 mg | N/A | N/A | 12 | |||||
| 30 | G2: Placebo | 58.1 (1.9) | 6/24 | 12 | |||||
| Wu 2017/NCT02539186 | 30 | G1: PRP | Yes | Inlet of the proximal carpal tunnel (pisiform level) | No | 57.9 (1.5) | 3/27 | 12 | None |
| 30 | G2: Placebo | 54.3 (1.3) | 5/25 | 12 | |||||
| Wu 2017/NCT02809261 | 30 | G1: 5% dextrose | Yes | Inlet of the carpal tunnel (scaphoid-pisiform level) | No | 58.5 (2.3) | 4/26 | 12 | None |
| 30 | G2: Placebo | 58.1 (1.9) | 6/24 | 12 | |||||
| Dernek 2016/N/A | 38 | G1: Betamethasone | No | Ulnar side of the palmaris longus tendon | 0.5 cc lidocaine | 48.9 (12.4) | 2/36 | 4 | None |
| 29 | G2: Placebo | 50.5 (12.7) | 1/28 | 4 | |||||
| Bahrami 2015/IRCT2013101313442N4 | 30 | G1: Triamcinolone 20 mg | Yes | N/A | 0.5 ml lidocaine | 51.7 (9.7) | 0/30 | 10 | None |
| 30 | G2: Hydroxy progesterone | 48.2 (9.8) | 0/30 | 10 | |||||
| Atroshi 2013/NCT00806871 | 37 | G1: Methylprednisolone 80 mg | No | 1 cm proximal to the wrist crease, ulnar to midline | 1 ml lidocaine | 47.0 (12.0) | 11/26 | 10 | Region of Scania Research and Development Foundation |
| 37 | G2: Methylprednisolone 40 mg | 44.0 (11.0) | 10/27 | 10 | |||||
| 37 | G3: Placebo | 49.0 (11.0) | 9/28 | 10 | |||||
| Karadaş 2012/N/A | 20 | G1: Triamcinolone 40 mg | No | 1 cm proximal to the distal wrist crease, between the palmaris longus and radial flexor tendons | 4 ml procaine HCl | 46.4 (11.6) | 3/17 | 8 | None |
| 19 | G2: Placebo | 48.4 (12.1) | 2/17 | 8 | |||||
| Ginanneschi 2012/N/A | 8 | G1: Triamcinolone 20 mg | Yes | N/A | No | 47 (5.2) | 0/8 | 6 | None |
| 8 | G2: Hydroxy progesterone | 47 (5.2) | 0/8 | 6 | |||||
| Peters–Veluthamaningal 2010/N/A | 36 | G1: Triamcinolone 10 mg | No | Ulnar side of the palmaris longus tendon near the wrist crease | No | 56.5 (15.1) | 9/27 | 12 | University Medical Center Groningen |
| 33 | G2: Placebo | 57.6 (40.3) | 7/26 | 12 |
N/A, not applicable; G1, group 1; G2, group 2.
No., number of treated hands.
US., ultrasound.
a
PRP, platelet-rich plasma.