Table 5.
Indipendent risk factors for in-hospital death.
| Univariable analysis |
Multivariable analysis |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR | 95% CI | p-value | OR | 95% CI | p-value | |
| Male sex | 0.65 | 0.39,1.10 | 0.106 | |||
| Age | 1.08 | 1.05,1.10 | <0.001 | 1.09 | 1.06,1.13 | <0.001 |
| PaO2/FIO2 ratio at admission | 1.00 | 0.99,1.00 | 0.400 | |||
| Respiratory rate at admission | 1.01 | 0.98,1.05 | 0.455 | |||
| Barotrauma | 8.21 | 4.77,14.14 | <0.001 | 5.32 | 2.82,10.03 | <0.001 |
| Ventilation strategies | ||||||
| HFNO vs. COT | 3.15 | 0.68,14.61 | 0.143 | 7.27 | 1.25,42.29 | 0.027 |
| CPAP/PSV vs. COT | 24.71 | 7.80,78.30 | <0.001 | 22.22 | 5.42,91.20 | <0.001 |
| CPAP/PSV vs. HFNO | 7.85 | 2.24,27.51 | 0.001 | 3.06 | 0.82,11.44 | 0.097 |
| IMV vs. COT | 29.05 | 9.28,90.95 | <0.001 | 30.70 | 7.49,125.78 | <0.001 |
| IMV vs. HFNO | 9.23 | 2.66,32.04 | <0.001 | 4.22 | 1.17,15.27 | 0.028 |
| IMV vs. CPAP/PSV | 1.18 | 0.63,2.20 | 0.613 | 1.38 | 0.68,2.82 | 0.374 |
| IMV/CPAP/PSV vs HFNO/COT | 18.00 | 7.69,42.16 | <0.001 | |||
| IMV vs NIRS | 3.63 | 2.09,6.31 | <0.001 | |||
| Bacterial co-infections | 1.66 | 0.93,2.94 | 0.085 | |||
| Fungal co- infections | 3.32 | 1.90,5.81 | <0.001 | 1.64 | 0.86,3.13 | 0.132 |
Legend. PaO2/FIO2 ratio: ratio of arterial oxygen partial pressure (paO2 in mmHg) to the fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2), CPAP/PSV: Continuous positive airway pressure ventilation/pressure support ventilation, HFNO: high flow nasal oxygen; IMV: invasive mechanical ventilation; NIRS: non-invasive respiratory support.