Figure 3.

Mediators of Bt BEV-monocyte/macrophage interaction identified using THP1-Blue monocytes. (A) THP-1 cells were incubated with a range of Bt BEV concentrations or with Bt growth media (BDM4), PBS or LPS for 24 h prior to assessing level of NF-kB activation. Statistical analysis was performed using LPS as the reference group. (B) THP-1 cells were pre-incubated with optimal concentrations of TLR2, TLR4, NOD1 or NOD2 inhibitors prior to the addition of Bt BEVs and subsequent assessment of NF-kB activation. Graphs depict mean ± SD values. ns: p > 0.05; ^*p < 0.05; ^**p < 0.01; ^***p < 0.001.