Table 1.
Selected Nutrition Outcomes and Determinants in Nigeria, 2008/2009 and 2018/2019a
| Indicators | 2008/2009 | 2018/2019 |
|---|---|---|
| Outcomes | ||
| Prevalence of wasting, weight for height < -2 SD (% of children under 5)b | 13.9 | 6.8 |
| Prevalence of stunting, height for age < -2 SD (% of children under 5)b | 40.6 | 36.8 |
| Prevalence of overweight, weight for height > 2 SD (% of children under 5)b | 8.8 | 2.1 |
| Prevalence of underweight, body mass index < 18.5 kg/m2 (% of women ages 15–49) | 12.2 | 12.1 |
| Prevalence of short stature, height < 145 cm (% of women ages 15–49) | 3.0 | 1.4 |
| Prevalence of anaemia among children (% of children under 5) | 73.6 | 68.9 |
| Prevalence of anaemia among women of reproductive age (% of women ages 15–49) | 55.9 | 55.1 |
| Immediate Determinants | ||
| Exclusive breastfeeding (% of children under 6 months) | 12.5 | 28.7 |
| Completed all basic vaccinations by 12 months (% of children ages 12–23 months)b | 19.2 | 28.3 |
| Vitamin A supplementation coverage rate (% of children ages 6–59 months) | 78.0 | 80.0 |
| Incidence of malaria (per 1,000 population at risk) | 424.7 | 291.9 |
| Prevalence of fever among children (% of children under 5)b | 15.9 | 24.2 |
| Prevalence of diarrhoea among children (% of children under 5)b | 10.1 | 12.8 |
| Underlying Determinants | ||
| Prevalence of undernourishment (% of population) | 6.8 | 14.6 |
| Use of insecticide-treated bed nets (% of under-5 population) | 5.5 | 52.2 |
| Pregnant women receiving skilled prenatal care (%)b | 57.7 | 67.0 |
| Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) | 34.4 | 43.3 |
| People using safely managed drinking water services (% of population) | 17.1 | 21.3 |
| People using safely managed sanitation services (% of population) | 24.1 | 29.9 |
| Basic Determinants | ||
| Fertility rate, total (births per woman) | 5.9 | 5.3 |
| Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and above) | 41.4 | 52.7 |
| Poverty headcount ratio at $3.20 a day (2011 PPP) (% of population) | 79.5 | 71.0 |
| Gini index (World Bank estimate) | 43.0 | 35.1 |
| Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population) | 87.7 | 86.7 |
| Urban population (% of total population) | 41.7 | 51.2 |
| Women participating in the three decisions (own health care, major household purchases, and visiting family, % of women age 15–49) | 32.1 | 33.5 |