Table 4.

Summary of Results

	Narratives, Knowledge, and Evidence	Political Economy and Governance	Capacity and Resources
Changes around Creating and Sustaining Momentum	Increased importance of nutrition in policies/strategies Nutrition accepted as multisectoral issue Advocacy increased and stimulated political attention to nutrition at all administrative levels Nutrition data representative at state level became available and increased Implementation of multisector interventions increased	Increased political attention for nutrition Increased number of nutrition actors and sectors of nutrition interventions More active multisectoral coordination platform and increased multisectoral dialogue at federal levels Increased multisectoral collaboration at state/LGA levels Increased accountability for nutrition change	Increased individual and organizational leadership and championing Inauguration of National Council on Nutrition Increased appointment of nutrition focal persons in non-health sectors
Challenges around Creating and Sustaining Momentum	Nutrition inadequately seen as a unique developmental challenge Advocacy approaches are inadequate Data quality limited, and some indicators have no data Intervention coverage low compared to magnitude of need	Political attention still inadequate and is unequal across states and LGAs Political attention may not be sustained from one political administration to another Limited sharing of information across sectors Duplication of coordination structures/roles Limited accountability mechanisms	Institutional arrangements potentially limiting systemic capacity Nutrition focal persons positioned at non-managerial levels in MDAs Limited technical and soft skills among nutrition focal persons
Changes around Converting Momentum to Results	Importance of implementation research now recognized	Increased adapting of national nutrition policies/strategies to address state peculiarities and priorities Increased state to LGA coordination in some states Increased civil society collaboration with public sector Increased private sector attention to nutrition	Increased nutrition budgeting and resource allocation at federal, state, and LGA levels Increased numbers of human resources for nutrition Increased training of frontline workers across multiple sectors
Challenges around Converting Momentum to Results	Conduct of implementation research is limited Impact pathways of policies/strategies are not explicit Little use of data to estimate potential effect sizes and justify interventions included in policies/strategies	Inadequate communication and engagement among federal, state and LGA levels Low involvement of state/LGA level actors in development of national policies/strategies Limited understanding of national policies at state/ LGA levels leads to limited adaptations and ownership Fragmented civil society actions Inadequate private sector engagement and accountability	Limited budgetary releases and cash backing Inadequate ability of nutrition actors to navigate funding bureaucratic processes Heavy reliance on donors for funding Funding focused on health sector and procurement of ready-to-use-therapeutic foods Inadequate numbers and knowledge/skills of human resources Inadequate work environments and logistics support Limited use of operational plans where they exist Stock out of commodities and tools High population growth strains capacity and limits improvements Physical insecurity limits service delivery and is increasing